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MA in Hindi at Abhay Balika Mahavidyalaya
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
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About the Specialization
What is Hindi at Abhay Balika Mahavidyalaya Prayagraj?
This MA Hindi program at Abhay Balika Mahavidyalaya, Prayagraj, focuses on an in-depth exploration of Hindi language and literature. It covers the historical evolution of Hindi literature, various poetic and prose forms, critical theories, and contemporary trends. The program is designed to cultivate a profound understanding of India''''s rich linguistic heritage, preparing students for diverse roles in academia, media, and public service, responding to the persistent demand for skilled Hindi experts across various sectors in India.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for female graduates with a Bachelor''''s degree in Hindi or a related field, seeking to deepen their academic knowledge and pursue careers in teaching, research, or content creation. It also caters to individuals passionate about Indian literature and culture who wish to contribute to the promotion and preservation of Hindi. Furthermore, it welcomes those aspiring to competitive government examinations where proficiency in Hindi is a key requirement, attracting candidates from diverse educational backgrounds.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect to embark on India-specific career paths such as Hindi lecturer, content writer, editor, translator, journalist, or researcher. Entry-level salaries typically range from INR 2.5 LPA to 4.5 LPA, with experienced professionals earning significantly more, often upwards of INR 8 LPA in academic or media roles. The program also serves as a strong foundation for pursuing M.Phil. or Ph.D. degrees, qualifying candidates for NET/JRF examinations and higher education positions in India.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Build Strong Literary Fundamentals- (Semester 1)
Dedicate significant time to understanding the historical periods of Hindi literature (Adikal, Bhaktikal, Ritikal) and key literary movements. Read original texts of prominent poets and authors from each era. Create comprehensive timelines and concept maps to visualize the evolution and interconnectedness of literary forms.
Tools & Resources
University library''''s Hindi literature section, Online archives of Hindi classics, Prasar Bharati''''s audio archives, Hindisahitya.org
Career Connection
A solid foundation is crucial for academic research, teaching, and informed literary criticism, which are highly valued in educational and publishing sectors.
Master Indian Poetics & Critical Thinking- (Semester 1)
Thoroughly study core concepts of Indian Poetics (Kavya Shastra) like Rasa, Alankar, Reeti, and Dhvani. Engage in peer discussions to analyze literary works using these critical lenses. Practice writing short critical essays on texts covered in class.
Tools & Resources
Standard textbooks on Indian Poetics (e.g., Acharya Ramchandra Shukla, Nagendra), Academic journals, Study groups
Career Connection
Essential for advanced research, literary analysis, and becoming an insightful critic or academician, paving the way for roles in higher education and literary journalism.
Develop Effective Academic Communication- (Semester 1)
Cultivate disciplined study habits and actively participate in seminars and presentations, focusing on clear articulation of complex literary ideas. Utilize digital tools for note-taking and presentation design to enhance academic output. Improve written communication through essay assignments and peer review.
Tools & Resources
Microsoft Office (PowerPoint), Google Scholar for research, College''''s academic writing workshops
Career Connection
Strong communication skills are vital for teaching, delivering research papers, and effective communication in any professional setting, including government and media.
Intermediate Stage
Engage with Modern & Western Critical Theories- (Semesters 2-3)
Explore modern Hindi literature (Chhayawadottar, Pragativad, Prayogvad, Nayi Kavita) and delve into Western critical theories (Aristotle, Plato, Eliot, Structuralism, Post-structuralism). Compare and contrast Indian and Western critical approaches, applying them to contemporary Hindi texts. Write comparative analytical essays to hone critical thinking.
Tools & Resources
Books on Western literary criticism, Academic databases (if available through college), Faculty mentorship
Career Connection
Broadens intellectual horizons for research and opens avenues for interdisciplinary studies, enhancing employability in universities and research institutions globally.
Specialised Author Study & Deep Analysis- (Semesters 2-3)
Focus intently on the special study authors like Premchand and Nirala. Read their complete works, biographies, and various critical interpretations. Conduct in-depth textual analysis, identifying themes, stylistic elements, and their societal impact. Prepare for comprehensive viva voce examinations on these authors.
Tools & Resources
Collected works of Premchand/Nirala, Critical commentaries, Online literary forums, Discussions with faculty
Career Connection
Develops expert-level knowledge in specific areas of Hindi literature, invaluable for niche research, specialized teaching roles, and contributing to literary archives or biographies.
Practical Application of Functional Hindi & Translation- (Semesters 2-3)
Actively engage with ''''Functional Hindi'''' and ''''Translation'''' components. Practice translating texts from various domains (administrative, literary, media) between Hindi and English. Understand the nuances of official correspondence, journalistic writing, and advertising in Hindi. Seek small translation projects or internships.
Tools & Resources
Online dictionaries (Shabdkosh, Google Translate for initial understanding, then refinement), Grammar guides, Local publishing houses (for potential projects)
Career Connection
Directly prepares students for in-demand roles as translators, content writers, editors, and proofreaders in government, corporate, and media sectors.
Advanced Stage
Master Research Methodology & Project Execution- (Semester 4)
Apply the learned research methodologies to conceive and execute a full-fledged research project or mini-thesis. Focus on meticulous data collection, critical analysis, and structured academic writing. Present findings effectively and prepare for a rigorous viva voce.
Tools & Resources
Research methodology textbooks, Academic writing guides, Faculty supervision
Career Connection
Essential for pursuing M.Phil./Ph.D., securing research positions, and demonstrating independent scholarly work, highly valued in academia and policy research.
Explore Indian & Folk Literature for Broader Perspective- (Semester 4)
Engage with the ''''Indian Literature'''' paper by understanding the literary traditions of other Indian languages through Hindi translations. Delve into ''''Folk Literature'''', exploring local narratives, songs, and performance traditions. This broadens cultural understanding and appreciation for regional diversity.
Tools & Resources
Translated works in the library, Folk literature archives, Local cultural events, Interviews with folk artists
Career Connection
Opens up opportunities in cultural preservation, anthropological research, regional studies, and content creation for diverse audiences within India.
Career Planning & NET/JRF Preparation- (Semester 4)
Begin focused preparation for competitive exams like NET/JRF for lectureship and research fellowships, or other state-level competitive exams. Attend career counseling sessions to identify suitable career paths (academia, civil services, media). Network with alumni for mentorship and insights into job markets.
Tools & Resources
NET/JRF previous year papers, Online coaching platforms (if opting for self-study), Career counselors, Alumni network
Career Connection
Direct pathway to securing academic positions as Assistant Professors, pursuing advanced research, or entering government services requiring high-level Hindi proficiency, ensuring robust career progression.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- Bachelor''''s degree with Hindi as a subject from a recognized university.
Duration: 2 years (4 semesters)
Credits: 88 Credits
Assessment: Internal: 25%, External: 75%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDC-101 | हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास (आदिकाल से रीतिकाल तक) | Core | 6 | आदिकाल की पृष्ठभूमि और साहित्य, भक्तिकाल: प्रमुख धाराएँ और कवि, रीतिकाल: प्रवृत्तियाँ और प्रतिनिधि कवि, हिन्दी साहित्य का काल-विभाजन, प्रमुख कवि और उनकी रचनाएँ |
| HDC-102 | काव्यशास्त्र और साहित्यलोचन (भारतीय) | Core | 6 | काव्य के लक्षण और प्रयोजन, रस सिद्धान्त और उसके अवयव, अलंकार सिद्धान्त और प्रमुख अलंकार, रीति, ध्वनि और औचित्य सम्प्रदाय, भारतीय काव्यशास्त्र के प्रमुख आचार्य |
| HDC-103 | आधुनिक हिन्दी काव्य (छायावाद तक) | Core | 6 | भारतेन्दु युग: पृष्ठभूमि और प्रवृत्तियाँ, द्विवेदी युग: काव्य भाषा और नैतिकता, छायावाद: प्रमुख कवि (प्रसाद, निराला, पंत, महादेवी), राष्ट्रीय सांस्कृतिक काव्यधारा, आधुनिक काव्य का उद्भव |
| HDE-104 | प्रयोजनमूलक हिन्दी | Elective | 4 | प्रयोजनमूलक हिन्दी का स्वरूप और क्षेत्र, कार्यालयी हिन्दी: पत्राचार और प्रारूपण, पत्रकारिता और जनसंचार में हिन्दी, विज्ञापन और अनुवाद का महत्व, पारिभाषिक शब्दावली निर्माण |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDC-201 | हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास (आधुनिक काल) | Core | 6 | छायावादोत्तर काव्यधाराएँ, प्रगतिवाद और प्रयोगवाद, नई कविता और समकालीन कविता, हिन्दी गद्य साहित्य का विकास, प्रमुख साहित्यिक वाद और उनकी विशेषताएँ |
| HDC-202 | काव्यशास्त्र और साहित्यलोचन (पाश्चात्य) | Core | 6 | पाश्चात्य काव्यशास्त्र का परिचय, प्लेटो और अरस्तू का अनुकरण सिद्धान्त, लोजाइनस का उदात्त सिद्धान्त, क्रोचे का अभिव्यंजनावाद, आई.ए. रिचर्ड्स, टी.एस. इलियट का योगदान |
| HDC-203 | हिन्दी गद्य साहित्य (कहानी, उपन्यास) | Core | 6 | हिन्दी उपन्यास का उद्भव और विकास, प्रमुख उपन्यासकार और उनकी कृतियाँ, हिन्दी कहानी का विकास यात्रा, प्रमुख कहानीकार और कहानियों की प्रवृत्तियाँ, उपन्यास और कहानी के तत्व |
| HDE-204 | हिन्दी का भाषाशास्त्रीय अध्ययन | Elective | 4 | भाषा विज्ञान: स्वरूप और शाखाएँ, स्वनिम विज्ञान और रूपिम विज्ञान, अर्थ विज्ञान और वाक्य विज्ञान, हिन्दी भाषा का उद्भव और विकास, हिन्दी की बोलियाँ और उनकी विशेषताएँ |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDC-301 | हिन्दी गद्य साहित्य (निबंध, नाटक, आलोचना) | Core | 6 | निबंध साहित्य का विकास और प्रकार, हिन्दी नाटक और रंगमंच, एकांकी और उसकी विशेषताएँ, आलोचना का उद्भव और प्रमुख आलोचक, प्रमुख गद्य विधाओं का अध्ययन |
| HDC-302 | विशेष अध्ययन: प्रेमचंद | Core | 6 | प्रेमचंद का जीवन और साहित्यिक परिचय, प्रेमचंद के उपन्यासों का विस्तृत अध्ययन (गोदान), प्रेमचंद की कहानियों का विश्लेषण (कफ़न), प्रेमचंद की भाषा शैली और आदर्शोन्मुख यथार्थवाद, प्रेमचंद के साहित्य का सामाजिक संदर्भ |
| HDC-303 | आधुनिक काव्य (छायावादोत्तर) | Core | 6 | अज्ञेय और तारसप्तक परंपरा, मुक्तिबोध का काव्य और विचारधारा, धूमिल और रघुवीर सहाय का समकालीन काव्य, नई कविता की विशेषताएँ और कवि, समकालीन हिन्दी कविता की प्रवृत्तियाँ |
| HDE-304 | शोध प्रविधि | Elective | 4 | शोध का अर्थ, प्रकृति और प्रकार, शोध समस्या का निर्धारण और परिकल्पना, तथ्य संकलन के स्रोत और पद्धतियाँ, शोध आलेखन और संदर्भ ग्रंथ सूची, मौखिक परीक्षा और शोध-प्रस्तुति |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDC-401 | भारतीय साहित्य (अन्य भारतीय भाषाओं का हिन्दी में अनुवाद) | Core | 6 | भारतीय साहित्य की अवधारणा और स्वरूप, प्रमुख भारतीय भाषाएँ और उनकी साहित्यिक परंपराएँ, अनुवाद का महत्व और सिद्धांत, हिन्दी में अनूदित भारतीय साहित्य का अध्ययन, भारतीय साहित्य की एकता और विविधता |
| HDC-402 | विशेष अध्ययन: निराला | Core | 6 | निराला का जीवन और साहित्यिक विकास, निराला की प्रमुख काव्य कृतियाँ (राम की शक्ति पूजा, सरोज स्मृति), निराला के काव्य की दार्शनिक पृष्ठभूमि, निराला की भाषा शैली और छंद विधान, निराला का प्रगतिशील दृष्टिकोण |
| HDC-403 | लोक साहित्य/जनपदीय साहित्य | Core | 6 | लोक साहित्य का अर्थ, स्वरूप और महत्व, लोकगीत, लोककथाएँ और लोकनाट्य, लोक साहित्य की विभिन्न विधाएँ, भारत के प्रमुख जनपदीय साहित्य, अवधी, ब्रज, भोजपुरी आदि का साहित्यिक महत्व |
| HDP-404 | शोध परियोजना/लघु शोध प्रबंध | Project | 4 | शोध विषय का चयन और पृष्ठभूमि, शोध सामग्री का संकलन और वर्गीकरण, शोध आलेखन और विश्लेषण, निष्कर्ष और शोध-प्रस्तुति, मौखिक परीक्षा और मूल्यांकन |
