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B-SC-HONS-AGRICULTURE in General at Aryabhatta Group of Institutes
Barnala, Punjab
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About the Specialization
What is General at Aryabhatta Group of Institutes Barnala?
This B.Sc (Hons.) Agriculture program at Aryabhatta Group of Institutes, affiliated with MRS PTU, focuses on holistic agricultural science, integrating modern farming techniques with sustainable practices. It addresses the diverse challenges and opportunities within the Indian agricultural sector, aiming to produce graduates equipped for food security and rural development. The program emphasizes practical application and a comprehensive understanding of crop, soil, and animal sciences.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for 10+2 science students with a keen interest in agricultural innovation, food production, and rural upliftment. it attracts aspiring agri-entrepreneurs, research enthusiasts, and those looking to contribute to India''''s primary sector. individuals seeking a career blending scientific knowledge with practical field work, and who are passionate about sustainable food systems, will find this program rewarding.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates can pursue diverse career paths in India, including roles as agricultural officers, farm managers, agronomists, plant breeders, soil scientists, and extension officers in government, private, and NGO sectors. entry-level salaries typically range from INR 3-6 LPA, with significant growth potential in agri-business, research, and policy-making. the program also prepares students for higher studies or entrepreneurial ventures in the agri-food chain.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Build Core Agricultural Fundamentals- (Semester 1-2)
Focus intensely on subjects like Agronomy, Soil Science, Horticulture, Genetics, Entomology, and Plant Pathology. Understand the interconnectedness of these disciplines. Regularly review theoretical concepts and connect them with practical applications demonstrated in labs.
Tools & Resources
NCERT Biology/Agriculture textbooks, ICAR e-courses, Field visits to local farms, MRS PTU recommended textbooks
Career Connection
A strong foundation is crucial for excelling in competitive exams (e.g., ICAR-JRF, state PSC agricultural officer exams) and for understanding complex agricultural challenges later.
Develop Scientific Observation & Documentation Skills- (Semester 1-2)
Actively participate in all practical sessions. Maintain detailed lab records, documenting observations, experimental procedures, and results meticulously. Practice identifying plant species, insect pests, disease symptoms, and soil types.
Tools & Resources
Lab manuals, Scientific notebooks, Digital photography for documenting field observations, Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Career Connection
Essential for research, field extension, and quality control roles where accurate data collection and reporting are critical.
Engage in Peer Learning & Communication- (Semester 1-2)
Form study groups to discuss complex topics and prepare for exams. Actively participate in seminars and presentations. Seek opportunities to explain agricultural concepts to peers, which solidifies understanding and improves communication skills.
Tools & Resources
Group discussions, Whiteboards, Presentation software (PowerPoint), College library resources
Career Connection
Effective communication is vital for extension officers, agri-business managers, and researchers presenting findings.
Intermediate Stage
Apply Knowledge through Mini-Projects and Field Visits- (Semester 3-5)
Proactively seek out opportunities for small-scale projects related to crop cultivation, soil analysis, pest identification, or horticultural practices. Volunteer for college farm activities or local agricultural initiatives. Organize and participate in regular field visits to research stations, farmer fields, and agri-businesses.
Tools & Resources
College farm facilities, Local KVKs (Krishi Vigyan Kendras), Agricultural extension centers, Project planning tools
Career Connection
Builds practical experience, problem-solving abilities, and a real-world understanding of agricultural operations, making students job-ready.
Enhance Data Analysis and Technology Skills- (Semester 3-5)
Start learning basic statistical tools and software relevant to agricultural data analysis (e.g., R, basic Excel for data management). Explore agricultural applications of GIS, remote sensing, and precision agriculture technologies.
Tools & Resources
Online courses on R/Python for data science, GIS software tutorials, Agri-tech webinars, Drone technology demonstrations
Career Connection
Positions in agricultural research, data analytics, precision farming, and agri-tech companies increasingly require these skills.
Network with Industry Professionals and Alumni- (Semester 3-5)
Attend agricultural conferences, workshops, and farmer melas. Connect with faculty who have industry links. Utilize college alumni networks on platforms like LinkedIn to gain insights into career paths and potential opportunities in the Indian agri-sector.
Tools & Resources
LinkedIn, Professional agriculture associations (e.g., Indian Society of Agronomy), University career fairs
Career Connection
Opens doors for internships, mentorship, and future job placements in diverse agricultural fields.
Advanced Stage
Maximize RAWE/ELP and Project Work- (Semester 7-8)
Approach the Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) and Experiential Learning Program (ELP) in Semester 7 as a critical learning phase. Engage deeply in village stays, understanding farmer challenges, and participating in extension activities. For the Semester 8 project, choose a topic of genuine interest and deliver a high-quality research or entrepreneurial output.
Tools & Resources
RAWE/ELP guidelines, Faculty mentors, Research databases, Survey tools, Business plan templates
Career Connection
RAWE/ELP provides invaluable field experience for roles in extension, rural development, and agri-business. The project showcases research aptitude or entrepreneurial potential for employers and higher studies.
Prepare for Competitive Exams and Career Pathways- (Semester 6-8)
Identify specific career goals (e.g., UPSC civil services, state agricultural services, bank PO (Agriculture field officer), ICAR-PG entrance, agri-business management). Start focused preparation for relevant competitive exams or interviews, including general knowledge, quantitative aptitude, and core agriculture subjects.
Tools & Resources
Coaching centers, Online test series, Previous year question papers, Career counseling sessions, Mock interviews
Career Connection
Direct preparation for crucial exams and interviews significantly improves placement and career progression chances in government and public sector agricultural roles.
Develop Entrepreneurial and Leadership Skills- (Semester 6-8)
Explore opportunities for developing a business plan related to agriculture (e.g., value addition, organic produce, agri-tech startups). Participate in college-level leadership roles, organizing events or heading student clubs to hone management and team-building skills.
Tools & Resources
Entrepreneurship cells, Startup incubators, Business model canvas, Public speaking opportunities, Leadership workshops
Career Connection
Equips students for leadership roles in agri-enterprises, management positions in larger firms, or successfully launching their own agri-startups, aligning with India''''s ''''Atmanirbhar Bharat'''' vision.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- No eligibility criteria specified
Duration: 4 years (8 semesters)
Credits: 205 Credits
Assessment: Internal: undefined, External: undefined
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAG-101 | Agronomy – I (Principles of Agronomy and Agricultural Meteorology) | Core Theory | 3 | Agronomy and its scope, Cropping systems, Tillage and sowing methods, Plant density and growth, Weather, climate, and forecasting |
| AHS-101 | Horticulture – I (Fundamentals of Horticulture) | Core Theory | 3 | Horticulture importance and divisions, Garden types and layout, Propagation methods, Fruitfulness and fruit drop, Training and pruning |
| APB-101 | Genetics | Core Theory | 3 | History of genetics, Mendelian principles, Gene interactions, Linkage and crossing over, Chromosomal aberrations |
| ASC-101 | Soil Science – I (Fundamentals of Soil Science) | Core Theory | 3 | Soil origin, rocks and minerals, Weathering and soil formation, Soil profile and components, Soil physical and chemical properties, Soil organisms and classification |
| AAG-102 | Practical Agronomy – I (Principles of Agronomy and Agricultural Meteorology) | Core Practical | 1 | Weather data recording, Seed testing and treatment, Weed identification, Herbarium preparation, Crop growth analysis |
| AHS-102 | Practical Horticulture – I (Fundamentals of Horticulture) | Core Practical | 1 | Identification of horticultural crops, Nursery operations, Propagation practices, Training and pruning demonstrations, Kitchen garden planning |
| APB-102 | Practical Genetics | Core Practical | 1 | Study of mitosis and meiosis, Monohybrid and dihybrid ratios, Gene interaction problems, Chi-square test, Karyotype analysis |
| ASC-102 | Practical Soil Science – I (Fundamentals of Soil Science) | Core Practical | 1 | Soil sampling and preparation, Bulk and particle density, Soil texture analysis, Measurement of soil pH and EC, Estimation of organic carbon |
| ACE-101 | Engineering – I (Agricultural Engineering) | Core Theory | 3 | Agricultural engineering scope, Farm power sources, Internal combustion engines, Tractors and farm implements, Basic irrigation methods |
| AAS-101 | Animal Science – I (Livestock Production and Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Indian livestock status, Breeds of cattle, buffalo, sheep, Housing and feeding practices, Principles of breeding, Common livestock diseases |
| AGB-101 | Economics – I (Fundamentals of Agricultural Economics) | Core Theory | 3 | Economic principles and concepts, Production functions and costs, Market structures, Agricultural prices, Demand and supply analysis |
| AEL-101 | English – I (Communication Skills and Personality Development) | Core Theory | 1 | Grammar and vocabulary, Reading comprehension, Written communication, Listening and speaking skills, Presentation and interview techniques |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAG-103 | Agronomy – II (Weed Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Weed biology and classification, Crop-weed competition, Principles of weed management, Herbicides and their use, Integrated weed management |
| AHS-103 | Horticulture – II (Vegetable Production) | Core Theory | 3 | Importance of vegetables, Classification of vegetables, Nursery raising techniques, Production technology of major vegetables, Nutritional value |
| APB-103 | Plant Breeding | Core Theory | 3 | Plant breeding objectives, Modes of reproduction, Hybridization techniques, Selection methods, Mutation and polyploidy breeding |
| ASC-103 | Soil Science – II (Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Essential plant nutrients, Nutrient cycles, Soil organic matter, Fertilizers and bio-fertilizers, Integrated nutrient management |
| APE-101 | Entomology – I (Fundamentals of Entomology) | Core Theory | 3 | Insect morphology and anatomy, Insect physiology and metamorphosis, Classification of insects, Major insect orders, Beneficial and harmful insects |
| APP-101 | Plant Pathology – I (Fundamentals of Plant Pathology) | Core Theory | 3 | Plant pathology definition, Classification of plant diseases, Symptoms and causal organisms, Disease cycle and epidemiology, Principles of disease control |
| AAG-104 | Practical Agronomy – II (Weed Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Weed identification, Herbicide calculations and application, Weed control experiments, Effect of herbicides on crops, Integration of weed management practices |
| AHS-104 | Practical Horticulture – II (Vegetable Production) | Core Practical | 1 | Nursery bed preparation, Transplanting and sowing methods, Harvesting techniques, Post-harvest handling, Identification of vegetable varieties |
| APB-104 | Practical Plant Breeding | Core Practical | 1 | Emasculation and pollination techniques, Hybridization procedures, Study of floral biology, Handling of breeding material, Selection of superior plants |
| ASC-104 | Practical Soil Science – II (Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Fertilizer calculations, Manure identification, Bio-fertilizer application, Estimation of N, P, K in soil, Plant nutrient deficiency symptoms |
| APE-102 | Practical Entomology – I (Fundamentals of Entomology) | Core Practical | 1 | Insect collection and preservation, Dissection of insect parts, Identification of insect types, Study of mouthparts and antennae, Microscopic examination of insects |
| APP-102 | Practical Plant Pathology – I (Fundamentals of Plant Pathology) | Core Practical | 1 | Identification of disease symptoms, Isolation of plant pathogens, Koch''''s postulates demonstration, Microscopic examination of pathogens, Preparation of culture media |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAG-201 | Agronomy – III (Rainfed Agriculture and Watershed Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Rainfed agriculture concept, Drought and its management, Soil moisture conservation, Watershed management principles, Contingent crop planning |
| AHS-201 | Horticulture – III (Fruit Production) | Core Theory | 3 | Area and production of fruit crops, Classification of fruits, Climate and soil requirements, Propagation, nutrition, pruning of fruits, Harvesting and maturity indices |
| APB-201 | Seed Science and Technology | Core Theory | 3 | Seed structure and dormancy, Seed quality parameters, Seed production techniques, Seed processing and testing, Seed certification and storage |
| ASC-201 | Soil Science – III (Soil, Water and Nutrient Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Irrigation water quality, Water requirement of crops, Irrigation scheduling, Drip and sprinkler irrigation, Drainage and waterlogging |
| APE-201 | Entomology – II (Pest of Field Crops and their Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Principles of pest management, Pests of cereals and pulses, Pests of oilseeds and fiber crops, Pests of sugarcane, Integrated pest management strategies |
| APP-201 | Plant Pathology – II (Disease of Field Crops and their Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Major diseases of cereal crops, Diseases of pulse and oilseed crops, Diseases of fiber and sugarcane crops, Symptoms and causal organisms, Integrated disease management |
| AAG-202 | Practical Agronomy – III (Rainfed Agriculture and Watershed Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Moisture estimation in soil, Water balance calculations, Identification of rainfed crops, Watershed models, Design of farm pond |
| AHS-202 | Practical Horticulture – III (Fruit Production) | Core Practical | 1 | Identification of fruit varieties, Propagation methods, Pruning and training demonstrations, Nutritional deficiency symptoms, Post-harvest handling of fruits |
| APB-202 | Practical Seed Science and Technology | Core Practical | 1 | Seed purity analysis, Germination and viability tests, Seed moisture content determination, Seed vigor tests, Seed treatment methods |
| ASC-202 | Practical Soil Science – III (Soil, Water and Nutrient Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Water quality analysis, Irrigation scheduling calculations, Soil moisture measurement, Design of irrigation systems, Drainage system principles |
| APE-202 | Practical Entomology – II (Pest of Field Crops and their Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Insect damage symptoms, Pest identification, Sampling techniques, Biocontrol agents, Insecticide calculations |
| APP-202 | Practical Plant Pathology – II (Disease of Field Crops and their Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Disease diagnosis, Microscopic examination, Fungicide calculations, Disease intensity assessment, Biological control |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAG-203 | Agronomy – IV (Irrigation Water Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Water resources and irrigation sources, Methods of irrigation, Water requirement of crops, Irrigation efficiency, Irrigation scheduling and drainage |
| AHS-203 | Horticulture – IV (Flower and Landscape Gardening) | Core Theory | 3 | Importance of floriculture, Commercial cut and loose flowers, Protected cultivation of flowers, Landscape design principles, Garden features and elements |
| APB-203 | Biotechnology in Agriculture | Core Theory | 3 | Plant tissue culture, Genetic engineering fundamentals, Gene cloning techniques, Transgenic crop development, Biosafety and IPR issues |
| ASC-203 | Soil Science – IV (Manures, Fertilizers and Agrochemicals) | Core Theory | 3 | Organic manures and composting, Vermicompost and green manuring, Fertilizer types and production, Fertilizer quality control, Agrochemicals (pesticides, growth regulators) |
| APE-203 | Entomology – III (Pest of Horticultural Crops and their Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Major pests of fruit crops, Pests of vegetable crops, Pests of ornamental crops, Pests of plantation crops, Integrated management strategies |
| APP-203 | Plant Pathology – III (Disease of Horticultural Crops and their Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Major diseases of fruit crops, Diseases of vegetable crops, Diseases of ornamental crops, Diseases of plantation crops, Integrated disease management |
| AAG-204 | Practical Agronomy – IV (Irrigation Water Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Measurement of irrigation water, Irrigation efficiency calculation, Water potential, Soil moisture estimation, Design of irrigation systems |
| AHS-204 | Practical Horticulture – IV (Flower and Landscape Gardening) | Core Practical | 1 | Identification of ornamental plants, Flower arrangement and bouquet making, Nursery techniques for ornamentals, Layout of different garden types, Pruning of ornamental plants |
| APB-204 | Practical Biotechnology in Agriculture | Core Practical | 1 | Tissue culture media preparation, Explant sterilization techniques, Callus induction, Micropropagation methods, DNA isolation and PCR |
| ASC-204 | Practical Soil Science – IV (Manures, Fertilizers and Agrochemicals) | Core Practical | 1 | Manure preparation techniques, Fertilizer identification, Quality testing of fertilizers, Pesticide calculations and application, Bio-pesticides and their use |
| APE-204 | Practical Entomology – III (Pest of Horticultural Crops and their Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Identification of horticultural pests, Damage assessment techniques, Collection of natural enemies, Application of insecticides, Pest monitoring |
| APP-204 | Practical Plant Pathology – III (Disease of Horticultural Crops and their Management) | Core Practical | 1 | Diagnosis of horticultural crop diseases, Fungicide application methods, Disease severity assessment, Biological control methods, Integrated disease management |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAG-301 | Agronomy – V (Crop Production Technology - I (Kharif Crops)) | Core Theory | 3 | Production technology of Rice, Maize and Sorghum cultivation, Soybean and Groundnut production, Cotton and Pigeonpea farming, Package of practices for Kharif crops |
| AHS-301 | Horticulture – V (Post-Harvest Management of Horticultural Crops) | Core Theory | 3 | Post-harvest losses and causes, Maturity indices and ripening, Pre-cooling and storage methods, Packaging and transportation, Value addition and food processing |
| APB-301 | Crop Improvement | Core Theory | 3 | Principles of crop improvement, Breeding for disease resistance, Insect resistance breeding, Breeding for quality traits, Breeding methods for various crops |
| ASC-301 | Soil Science – V (Environmental Science) | Core Theory | 3 | Ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles, Air, water, and soil pollution, Waste management techniques, Global warming and climate change, Biodiversity and environmental laws |
| AGB-301 | Economics – II (Agricultural Marketing and Trade) | Core Theory | 3 | Agricultural marketing concepts, Market functions and efficiency, Price spread and market intelligence, Co-operative marketing, WTO and agricultural trade policies |
| AEL-301 | Extension Education – I (Fundamentals of Extension Education) | Core Theory | 3 | Meaning and philosophy of extension, Principles of extension education, Rural development approaches, Communication models, Adoption and diffusion of innovations |
| ACE-301 | Engineering – II (Farm Machinery and Power) | Core Theory | 3 | Farm power sources, Internal combustion engines, Tillage equipment, Seeding, planting, and harvesting machinery, Sprayers, dusters, and cost analysis |
| AAG-302 | Practical Agronomy – V (Crop Production Technology - I (Kharif Crops)) | Core Practical | 1 | Identification of Kharif crops, Agronomic practices demonstration, Yield estimation methods, Quality analysis of produce, Field operations |
| AHS-302 | Practical Horticulture – V (Post-Harvest Management of Horticultural Crops) | Core Practical | 1 | Maturity indices determination, Pre-cooling and waxing, Packaging and storage techniques, Canning and jam preparation, Drying methods for fruits and vegetables |
| APB-302 | Practical Crop Improvement | Core Practical | 1 | Floral biology study, Hybridization techniques, Selection of superior plants, Seed viability testing, Testing for disease resistance |
| ASC-302 | Practical Environmental Science | Core Practical | 1 | Water quality analysis, Air quality monitoring, Solid waste management techniques, Composting methods, Pollution control measures |
| AGB-302 | Practical Agricultural Marketing and Trade | Core Practical | 1 | Market survey techniques, Price spread analysis, Storage cost calculation, Marketing channels identification, Visit to wholesale market |
| AEL-302 | Practical Extension Education – I (Fundamentals of Extension Education) | Core Practical | 1 | Communication methods demonstration, Preparation of extension teaching aids, Rural survey techniques, Participatory rural appraisal, Group dynamics exercises |
| ACE-302 | Practical Farm Machinery and Power | Core Practical | 1 | Study of different farm machines, Calibration and operation, Maintenance practices, Cost calculations for machinery, Identification of engine parts |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAG-303 | Agronomy – VI (Crop Production Technology - II (Rabi Crops)) | Core Theory | 3 | Production technology of Wheat, Barley and Chickpea cultivation, Lentil and Rapeseed-Mustard, Sugarcane and Potato farming, Package of practices for Rabi crops |
| AHS-303 | Horticulture – VI (Protected Cultivation and Secondary Agriculture) | Core Theory | 3 | Protected cultivation principles, Greenhouse technology, Hydroponics and aeroponics, Vertical farming and mushroom cultivation, Apiculture and sericulture |
| APB-303 | Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering | Core Theory | 3 | DNA structure and replication, Transcription and translation, Gene regulation mechanisms, Recombinant DNA technology, Gene editing and applications |
| ASC-303 | Soil Science – VI (Land Degradation and Management) | Core Theory | 3 | Soil erosion types and causes, Control measures for erosion, Desertification and its impacts, Soil salinity, alkalinity, acidity, Land reclamation techniques |
| AGB-303 | Economics – III (Farm Management, Production and Resource Economics) | Core Theory | 3 | Farm management principles, Production economics, Resource allocation in farming, Cost-returns analysis, Farm planning and budgeting |
| AEL-303 | Extension Education – II (Rural Sociology and Educational Psychology) | Core Theory | 3 | Rural sociology concepts, Social structure and change, Rural leadership and culture, Educational psychology theories, Learning, motivation, and personality |
| ACE-303 | Engineering – III (Post-Harvest Technology and Storage) | Core Theory | 3 | Post-harvest losses, Cleaning and grading operations, Drying and storage structures, Refrigeration and cold storage, Milling and processing technologies |
| AAG-304 | Practical Agronomy – VI (Crop Production Technology - II (Rabi Crops)) | Core Practical | 1 | Identification of Rabi crops, Agronomic practices for Rabi crops, Yield estimation, Quality analysis of produce, Field visits for Rabi crops |
| AHS-304 | Practical Horticulture – VI (Protected Cultivation and Secondary Agriculture) | Core Practical | 1 | Greenhouse operation, Soilless culture techniques, Mushroom spawning, Bee-keeping demonstration, Sericulture practices |
| APB-304 | Practical Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering | Core Practical | 1 | Electrophoresis techniques, DNA quantification, Restriction digestion, Ligation and transformation, Genetic transformation techniques |
| ASC-304 | Practical Land Degradation and Management | Core Practical | 1 | Soil erosion assessment, Contour bunding and terracing, Salinity measurement, Gypsum requirement, Acid soil amelioration |
| AGB-304 | Practical Farm Management, Production and Resource Economics | Core Practical | 1 | Farm budgeting and enterprise budgeting, Cost-benefit analysis, Break-even analysis, Farm visit and analysis, Risk management strategies |
| AEL-304 | Practical Rural Sociology and Educational Psychology | Core Practical | 1 | Social survey methods, Group dynamics exercises, Leadership identification, Personality assessment, Case studies of rural development |
| ACE-304 | Practical Post-Harvest Technology and Storage | Core Practical | 1 | Moisture content determination, Drying methods, Storage structures, Milling operations, Processing of fruits and vegetables |
Semester 7
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AEX-401 | Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) | Experiential Learning | 20 | Crop production practices, Plant protection strategies, Soil and water management, Horticulture and animal husbandry, Extension activities and agro-industry attachment |
| AEX-402 | Experiential Learning Program (ELP) | Experiential Learning | 10 | Mushroom production technology, Seed production and processing, Organic farming practices, Protected cultivation of high-value crops, Business plan development for agro-ventures |
Semester 8
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AEC-401 | Agro-ecology, Organic Farming and Sustainable Agriculture | Core Theory | 3 | Agro-ecology principles, Organic farming standards and practices, Sustainable agriculture models, Conservation agriculture, Natural and biodynamic farming |
| AEN-401 | Agricultural Finance and Co-operation | Core Theory | 3 | Agricultural finance sources, Institutional and non-institutional credit, Crop insurance schemes, Co-operation principles, Types of co-operatives in agriculture |
| ASE-401 | Student READY (Rural Entrepreneurship and Awareness Development Yojana) – Project/Internship/Entrepreneurship | Project | 8 | Independent research methodology, Practical training experience, Business idea development, Project report writing, Presentation skills |
| ASE-402 | Seminar | Seminar | 1 | Literature review, Scientific writing, Presentation skills, Critical analysis, Question and answer session |
| Elective-1 | Elective Theory (Student''''s Choice) | Elective Theory | 3 | Advanced topics in chosen area, Specialized skills development, In-depth research orientation, Industry-specific knowledge, Contemporary agricultural issues |
| Elective-2 | Elective Theory (Student''''s Choice) | Elective Theory | 3 | Advanced topics in chosen area, Specialized skills development, In-depth research orientation, Industry-specific knowledge, Contemporary agricultural issues |
