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BA-LLB-HONS in General at CHRIST (Deemed to be University)
Bengaluru, Karnataka
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About the Specialization
What is General at CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru?
This BA LLB (Hons) program at CHRIST (Deemed to be University) offers an integrated, five-year undergraduate degree designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of law blended with a foundational knowledge in humanities. It focuses on developing critical legal reasoning, ethical practice, and social consciousness, preparing students for diverse legal careers in India''''s dynamic legal landscape. The program''''s interdisciplinary approach is a key differentiator, aligning with the growing demand for well-rounded legal professionals in various sectors.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for ambitious 10+2 graduates with a keen interest in law, public service, corporate legal practice, and social justice. It particularly suits individuals who possess strong analytical skills, a passion for ethical reasoning, and a desire to contribute meaningfully to society. Aspiring lawyers, future judicial officers, legal researchers, and those aiming for civil services will find this program''''s rigorous curriculum and holistic development approach highly beneficial.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect diverse career paths, including litigation, corporate law, judiciary, civil services, legal research, and roles in NGOs or international organizations. Entry-level salaries for fresh law graduates in India typically range from INR 3-6 lakhs per annum, with significant growth potential (INR 10+ lakhs for experienced professionals) in top-tier firms or judiciary. The program fosters ethical legal practice, critical thinking, and leadership, aligning with professional certifications like the Bar Council of India enrollment.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Cultivate Analytical Reading and Research Habits- (Semester 1-2)
Engage deeply with legal texts, case laws, and academic articles from the very first semester. Utilize the university''''s library resources, both physical and digital, including legal databases like SCC Online and Manupatra, to build a strong foundation in legal research and analysis. This early habit is crucial for understanding complex legal concepts and arguments.
Tools & Resources
University Library, SCC Online, Manupatra, LexisNexis, Academic Journals
Career Connection
Strong research skills are fundamental for any legal career, enabling effective brief preparation, case analysis, and legal opinion drafting, directly impacting success in internships and future roles.
Actively Participate in Classroom Discussions and Debates- (Semester 1-2)
Beyond passive listening, actively engage in discussions, ask clarifying questions, and present your perspectives. Participate in internal moot court and debate competitions organized by the School of Law. This hones public speaking, critical thinking, and the ability to articulate legal arguments under pressure, which are vital for a legal professional.
Tools & Resources
Classroom Sessions, Departmental Debates, Internal Moot Courts
Career Connection
Develops persuasive communication skills and confidence, essential for courtroom advocacy, client counseling, and negotiating deals in corporate law or other legal fields.
Master Legal English and Communication- (Semester 1-2)
Focus on developing precise and concise legal writing. Pay attention to grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure specific to legal contexts. Utilize university writing centers or language support programs if available. Practice drafting short legal paragraphs, summaries of cases, and memos to improve clarity and accuracy.
Tools & Resources
Legal Writing Workshops, Grammar Checkers, Legal Dictionaries (Black''''s Law Dictionary), Textbooks on Legal English
Career Connection
Flawless legal communication is non-negotiable for drafting contracts, pleadings, judgments, and effective verbal arguments, directly enhancing your professional credibility and efficiency.
Intermediate Stage
Participate Rigorously in Moot Court Competitions- (Semester 3-5)
Beyond internal rounds, actively seek and participate in national and international moot court competitions. These simulations of court proceedings provide hands-on experience in research, drafting memorials, and oral arguments. This stage is crucial for applying theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios.
Tools & Resources
Moot Court Society, Faculty Mentors, Past Memorials, Legal Databases
Career Connection
Sharpens advocacy skills, legal research, teamwork, and presentation, making you highly competent for litigation, arbitration, and various roles requiring robust legal argumentation.
Undertake Diverse Legal Internships- (Semester 3-5)
Complete multiple short-term internships with advocates, NGOs, corporate legal departments, or district courts. Focus on understanding varied legal environments and identifying areas of interest. Document your experiences, learn from observations, and seek feedback on your contributions.
Tools & Resources
University Internship Cell, LinkedIn, Networking Events, Legal Portals
Career Connection
Provides practical exposure to different legal fields, builds professional networks, and helps in clarifying career aspirations, significantly boosting your resume for placements and further studies.
Engage with Legal Aid Clinics and Pro Bono Initiatives- (Semester 3-5)
Volunteer at the university''''s legal aid clinic or external pro bono projects. This provides direct client interaction, exposure to real-world legal problems, and an opportunity to apply classroom knowledge for social good. It instills empathy and a sense of social responsibility.
Tools & Resources
University Legal Aid Cell, NGO Partnerships, Local Courts
Career Connection
Develops practical problem-solving skills, client management, and a strong ethical compass, which are highly valued by employers and essential for contributing to access to justice in India.
Advanced Stage
Specialize through Advanced Research and Dissertation- (Semester 6-10)
Identify a niche area of law that deeply interests you and pursue advanced research, culminating in a dissertation or multiple research papers. Seek guidance from faculty experts in that field. This demonstrates in-depth knowledge and independent research capability.
Tools & Resources
Faculty Advisors, Advanced Legal Databases, Research Methodology Workshops
Career Connection
Positions you as an expert in a specific legal domain, which is highly advantageous for specialized roles in law firms, legal think tanks, academia, or for pursuing higher studies (LL.M., Ph.D.).
Strategize for Judicial Services, Bar Exam, or Corporate Placements- (Semester 6-10)
Start dedicated preparation for your chosen career path (e.g., judicial services exam, Bar Council enrollment, or corporate placements). This involves focused study, mock tests, and tailored skill development. Attend university-organized placement and career guidance sessions.
Tools & Resources
Competitive Exam Coaching, Placement Cell, Alumni Mentors, Mock Interviews
Career Connection
Directly impacts securing desired positions post-graduation. A well-planned approach, combined with academic excellence and practical skills, ensures a smooth transition into your professional career.
Network with Legal Professionals and Alumni- (Semester 6-10)
Attend legal seminars, conferences, and workshops both within and outside the university. Actively connect with guest speakers, legal practitioners, and university alumni. Leverage LinkedIn and professional platforms to build a strong network. This can open doors to mentorship, internships, and future job opportunities.
Tools & Resources
LinkedIn, Professional Conferences, Alumni Association, Departmental Events
Career Connection
Networking is paramount in the legal profession in India. It provides insights into industry trends, facilitates mentorship, and creates pathways to career advancement through referrals and insider knowledge.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- Candidates should have passed 10+2 examination with minimum 45% marks (40% for SC/ST candidates) in the aggregate from any recognized Board in India. Age limit: 20 years for General Category, 22 years for SC/ST and PWD categories as on July 01 of the admission year.
Duration: 5 Years / 10 Semesters
Credits: 240 Credits
Assessment: Internal: 50%, External: 50%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL111 | Legal Methods | Core | 4 | Nature and Functions of Law, Sources of Law, Legal Reasoning and Logic, Judicial Process, Legal Research and Writing |
| BAL112 | Law of Contract - I | Core | 4 | Formation of Contract, Offer and Acceptance, Consideration, Capacity to Contract, Free Consent |
| BAL113 | Political Science - I (Political Theory) | Core | 4 | Meaning and Scope of Political Science, The State and Sovereignty, Justice and Equality, Rights and Liberty, Forms of Government |
| BAL114 | Sociology - I (Introduction to Sociology) | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Sociology, Sociological Perspectives, Culture and Socialization, Social Stratification, Institutions and Deviance |
| BAL115 | English - I (Language and Literature) | Core | 4 | Grammar and Usage, Reading Comprehension, Writing Skills, Literary Analysis, Communication Strategies |
| BAL116 | Environmental Studies | Core | 2 | Ecosystems and Biodiversity, Environmental Pollution, Natural Resources, Conservation Efforts, Environmental Ethics |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL121 | Law of Contract - II | Core | 4 | Void and Voidable Agreements, Contingent Contracts, Quasi Contracts, Remedies for Breach, Indemnity and Guarantee |
| BAL122 | Political Science - II (Principles of Public Administration) | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Public Administration, Bureaucracy and Governance, Administrative Law Principles, Accountability and Ethics, E-Governance |
| BAL123 | Sociology - II (Indian Society) | Core | 4 | Diversity of Indian Society, Caste System and its Dynamics, Family and Marriage, Social Movements in India, Social Change and Development |
| BAL124 | English - II (Legal Language & Communication) | Core | 4 | Legal Terminology, Punctuation and Usage, Drafting Legal Documents, Oral Communication Skills, Professional Etiquette |
| BAL125 | History - I (Ancient & Medieval Indian History) | Core | 4 | Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Period, Mauryan and Gupta Empires, Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire |
| BAL126 | Psychology | Core | 4 | Introduction to Psychology, Cognition and Learning, Personality Theories, Social Psychology, Abnormal Psychology |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL231 | Constitutional Law - I | Core | 4 | Salient Features of Indian Constitution, Preamble and Citizenship, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, Union and State Judiciary |
| BAL232 | Law of Torts and Consumer Protection Act | Core | 4 | General Principles of Torts, Specific Torts (Defamation, Nuisance), Consumer Rights, Consumer Dispute Redressal Agencies, Product Liability |
| BAL233 | Family Law - I (Hindu Law) | Core | 4 | Sources of Hindu Law, Hindu Marriage Act, Adoption and Guardianship, Maintenance Laws, Joint Family Property |
| BAL234 | Political Science - III (International Relations) | Core | 4 | Theories of International Relations, International Law and Organizations, Foreign Policy Analysis, Conflict and Peace Studies, Globalisation and Sovereignty |
| BAL235 | History - II (Modern Indian History) | Core | 4 | Arrival of Europeans, British Rule and its Impact, Indian National Movement, Partition of India, Post-Independence Era |
| BAL236 | Economics - I (Micro Economics) | Core | 4 | Demand and Supply Analysis, Consumer Behaviour, Production and Costs, Market Structures, Factor Pricing |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL241 | Constitutional Law - II | Core | 4 | Union and State Executive, Legislative Powers, Emergency Provisions, Amendment of the Constitution, Freedom of Trade and Commerce |
| BAL242 | Criminal Law - I (Indian Penal Code) | Core | 4 | General Principles of Criminal Law, Elements of Crime, General Exceptions, Offences against Human Body, Offences against Property |
| BAL243 | Family Law - II (Muslim Law & Other Personal Laws) | Core | 4 | Sources of Muslim Law, Marriage and Divorce, Dower and Maintenance, Gifts and Wakfs, Parsi and Christian Laws |
| BAL244 | Economics - II (Macro Economics) | Core | 4 | National Income Accounting, Inflation and Unemployment, Fiscal and Monetary Policies, International Trade, Economic Growth and Development |
| BAL245 | Jurisprudence - I (Legal Theory) | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Jurisprudence, Schools of Jurisprudence, Concept of Law, Justice and Rights, Legal Personality |
| BAL246 | Professional Ethics and Bar Bench Relations | Core | 4 | Advocates Act 1961, Professional Misconduct, Duties of an Advocate, Relationship with Bench and Bar, Contempt of Court |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL351 | Criminal Law - II (Criminal Procedure Code) | Core | 4 | Constitution of Criminal Courts, Arrest, Search and Seizure, FIR and Investigation, Trial Procedures, Bail and Anticipatory Bail |
| BAL352 | Public International Law | Core | 4 | Sources of International Law, State Recognition and Succession, Law of Treaties, International Humanitarian Law, International Criminal Law |
| BAL353 | Company Law | Core | 4 | Formation of Company, Memorandum and Articles of Association, Share Capital and Debentures, Directors and Management, Winding Up |
| BAL354 | Property Law | Core | 4 | Transfer of Property Act, Sale and Mortgage, Lease and Exchange, Easements, Trusts and Gifts |
| BAL355 | Administrative Law | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Administrative Law, Delegated Legislation, Administrative Discretion, Judicial Review, Ombudsman |
| BAL356 | Jurisprudence - II (Sociological Jurisprudence) | Core | 4 | Law and Society, Sociological School of Law, Legal Realism, Critical Legal Studies, Feminist Jurisprudence |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL361 | Civil Procedure Code and Limitation Act | Core | 4 | Jurisdiction of Courts, Parties to Suit, Pleadings, Summons and Discovery, Execution of Decrees |
| BAL362 | Labour Law - I | Core | 4 | Industrial Disputes Act, Trade Unions Act, Standing Orders Act, Collective Bargaining, Dispute Resolution |
| BAL363 | Law of Evidence | Core | 4 | Relevancy of Facts, Admissibility of Evidence, Oral and Documentary Evidence, Witnesses and Examination, Burden of Proof |
| BAL364 | Human Rights Law | Core | 4 | Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenants on Human Rights, National Human Rights Institutions, Rights of Vulnerable Groups, Human Rights in India |
| BAL365 | Tax Law - I (Constitutional Aspect of Taxation) | Core | 4 | Taxing Powers under Constitution, Direct and Indirect Taxes, Taxation Principles, GST Council and Implementation, Customs Act |
| BAL366A | Banking Law | Elective | 2 | RBI Act, Banking Regulation Act, Negotiable Instruments Act, Banker-Customer Relationship, Securitisation Act |
Semester 7
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL471 | Land Laws | Core | 4 | Land Reforms in India, Tenancy Laws, Karnataka Land Revenue Act, Land Acquisition Act, Urban Land Ceiling Act |
| BAL472 | Intellectual Property Rights Law | Core | 4 | Copyright Law, Patent Law, Trademark Law, Geographical Indications, Design Law |
| BAL473 | Labour Law - II | Core | 4 | Factories Act, Employees Compensation Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Employee Provident Funds Act |
| BAL474 | Interpretation of Statutes | Core | 4 | Rules of Interpretation, Internal Aids, External Aids, Presumptions in Interpretation, Retrospective Operation |
| BAL475 | Tax Law - II (Direct Taxation) | Core | 4 | Income Tax Act, Heads of Income, Deductions and Exemptions, Assessment Procedures, Tax Planning |
| BAL476 | Moot Court, Clinical Training & Internship | Practical/Clinical | 4 | Moot Court Practice, Trial Advocacy, Client Counseling, Legal Aid Clinic, Internship Report |
Semester 8
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL481 | Cyber Law | Core | 4 | Information Technology Act, Cyber Crimes, Digital Signatures, Data Protection and Privacy, E-commerce Law |
| BAL482 | Competition Law | Core | 4 | Competition Act, 2002, Anti-Competitive Agreements, Abuse of Dominant Position, Combinations (Mergers & Acquisitions), Competition Commission of India |
| BAL483 | Alternative Dispute Resolution | Core | 4 | Arbitration and Conciliation, Mediation, Negotiation, Lok Adalat, Online Dispute Resolution |
| BAL484 | Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing | Practical/Clinical | 4 | General Principles of Drafting, Pleadings (Plaint, Written Statement), Conveyancing (Sale Deed, Gift Deed), Petitions (Divorce, Bail), Affidavits and Vakalatnama |
| BAL485A | Media Law | Elective | 2 | Freedom of Speech and Expression, Censorship and Regulation, Defamation in Media, Broadcasting Laws, Press Council of India |
| BAL486 | Research Paper / Dissertation | Project | 2 | Research Methodology, Literature Review, Data Analysis, Academic Writing, Thesis Presentation |
Semester 9
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL591 | Environmental Law | Core | 4 | Environmental Protection Act, Water and Air Acts, Forest and Wildlife Laws, Pollution Control Boards, Sustainable Development |
| BAL592 | Law of Crimes (Advanced) | Core | 4 | White Collar Crimes, Organized Crime, Economic Offences, Drug Trafficking, Cyber Terrorism |
| BAL593A | Law and Medicine | Elective | 4 | Medical Negligence, Patient Rights, Organ Donation, Biotechnology and Law, Mental Health Act |
| BAL594A | Forensic Science and Law | Elective | 4 | Introduction to Forensic Science, Fingerprinting and DNA Evidence, Ballistics, Medical Jurisprudence, Role of Expert Witness |
| BAL595 | Project Work / Internship | Project/Practical | 4 | Legal Research Project, Fieldwork and Data Collection, Report Writing, Presentation Skills, Practical Legal Experience |
Semester 10
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL5101 | International Humanitarian Law | Core | 4 | Geneva Conventions, Armed Conflict and Law, Protection of Civilians, War Crimes, Role of ICRC |
| BAL5102 | Comparative Law | Core | 4 | Methods of Comparative Law, Legal Systems (Common, Civil), Comparative Constitutional Law, Comparative Criminal Law, Harmonisation of Laws |
| BAL5103A | Mergers & Acquisitions | Elective | 4 | Types of M&A, Legal Framework of M&A, Due Diligence, Valuation Methods, Post-Merger Integration |
| BAL5104A | Energy Law | Elective | 4 | Energy Policy in India, Electricity Act, Renewable Energy Law, Oil and Gas Regulation, Energy Sector Disputes |
| BAL5105 | VIVA-VOCE | Viva | 4 | Comprehensive Legal Knowledge, Analytical Skills, Communication Skills, Legal Reasoning, Presentation of Research |
