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B-TECH in Electronics And Communication Engineering at College of Engineering Trivandrum
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
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About the Specialization
What is Electronics and Communication Engineering at College of Engineering Trivandrum Thiruvananthapuram?
This B.Tech in Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) program at College of Engineering Trivandrum, following the KTU R2021 curriculum, focuses on providing a strong foundation in designing, developing, and testing electronic circuits, communication systems, and embedded systems. It aligns with the rapidly evolving Indian tech landscape, emphasizing both theoretical knowledge and practical applications in areas like IoT, AI/ML in ECE, and advanced communication. The program aims to produce industry-ready engineers capable of contributing to India''''s digital transformation and innovation ecosystem.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for ambitious fresh graduates seeking entry into the thriving electronics and communication sector in India. It also caters to students with a strong aptitude for mathematics, physics, and problem-solving, who are keen to explore careers in hardware design, telecommunications, embedded systems, or VLSI. Aspiring engineers looking to contribute to cutting-edge technologies like 5G, IoT, and smart devices will find this specialization highly rewarding, preparing them for roles in both public and private sectors.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect diverse career paths in India, including roles as design engineers, test engineers, network engineers, embedded system developers, and R&D engineers. Entry-level salaries typically range from INR 4-7 LPA, with experienced professionals earning INR 10-25+ LPA, depending on skills and company. Growth trajectories involve specialization in niche areas, leadership roles, or pursuing higher studies. The curriculum aligns with industry demands, fostering skills crucial for professional certifications in areas like IoT or VLSI design.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Strengthen Core Engineering Fundamentals- (Semester 1-2)
Focus intently on mastering mathematics, physics, and basic electrical/computer science concepts. Utilize online platforms like NPTEL and Khan Academy for supplementary learning and practice problem-solving rigorously for university exams. Form study groups to discuss complex topics and prepare for competitive exams.
Tools & Resources
NPTEL courses, Khan Academy, Reference textbooks, Peer study groups
Career Connection
A strong foundation is critical for clearing technical rounds in placements and for higher studies, ensuring a deep understanding of advanced ECE concepts.
Develop Early Programming Skills- (Semester 1-2)
Engage in hands-on coding practice using C/Python. Participate in coding competitions (e.g., CodeChef, HackerRank) and contribute to open-source projects. This builds logical thinking and practical implementation skills crucial for embedded systems and software-defined solutions.
Tools & Resources
CodeChef, HackerRank, GeeksforGeeks, GitHub, Python/C IDEs
Career Connection
Proficiency in programming is highly valued across ECE roles, especially in embedded systems, DSP, and IoT, enhancing employability.
Explore Basics of Electronics through Mini-Projects- (Semester 1-2)
Start building simple electronic circuits using breadboards and readily available components. Experiment with basic microcontrollers like Arduino or ESP32 to understand hardware-software interaction. This practical exposure builds confidence and correlates theoretical knowledge with real-world applications.
Tools & Resources
Arduino Starter Kits, Breadboards, Basic electronic components, Online tutorials
Career Connection
Early practical experience forms the basis for advanced project work and helps in identifying areas of interest for future specialization and internships.
Intermediate Stage
Master Core ECE Subjects and Lab Skills- (Semester 3-5)
Dedicate significant effort to understanding core ECE subjects like Analog/Digital Communication, Signals & Systems, and Microcontrollers. Excel in laboratory sessions, focusing on practical implementation, troubleshooting, and documenting results accurately. Use simulation tools extensively.
Tools & Resources
MATLAB, PSpice, Multisim, Hardware lab kits, Textbooks and Lecture notes
Career Connection
Strong grasp of core subjects is essential for technical interviews, product development roles, and advanced research in ECE fields.
Engage in Departmental Mini-Projects and Workshops- (Semester 3-5)
Actively participate in departmental mini-projects and workshops focused on specific ECE domains (e.g., IoT, robotics, VLSI). Collaborate with peers and faculty, seeking opportunities to present findings at college-level technical fests or seminars. This fosters teamwork and domain-specific knowledge.
Tools & Resources
Departmental labs, Faculty mentors, Project groups, Technical clubs (IEEE, IETE student chapters)
Career Connection
Hands-on project experience differentiates candidates in placements and provides valuable content for resumes and technical discussions.
Seek Industry Exposure through Internships/Industrial Visits- (Semester 4-5)
Actively look for short-term internships or industrial training programs during semester breaks. These can be at local industries, startups, or research institutions in Kerala or other major tech cities. Industrial visits provide exposure to real-world engineering practices and company culture.
Tools & Resources
Internshala, LinkedIn, College placement cell, Company websites
Career Connection
Internships are crucial for gaining practical experience, building a professional network, and often lead to pre-placement offers, significantly boosting career prospects.
Advanced Stage
Specialize through Electives and Advanced Projects- (Semester 6-8)
Carefully choose program and open electives aligned with career interests (e.g., VLSI, Signal Processing, Communication Networks). Undertake a substantial final year project that solves a real-world problem, demonstrating deep technical expertise and problem-solving capabilities. Aim for publication in conferences if possible.
Tools & Resources
Advanced simulation tools, Research papers, Project mentors, Conference proceedings
Career Connection
Specialized knowledge and a strong final project are key determinants for securing niche roles, demonstrating expertise, and gaining admission to postgraduate programs.
Intensive Placement and Career Preparation- (Semester 7-8)
Begin intensive preparation for campus placements, focusing on aptitude tests, technical interviews, and soft skills. Attend mock interviews, participate in group discussions, and tailor resumes to specific job roles. Network with alumni and industry professionals for guidance and opportunities.
Tools & Resources
Placement coaching centers, Online aptitude tests, Mock interview panels, LinkedIn Professional Network
Career Connection
Dedicated placement preparation maximizes chances of securing desirable job offers from top companies, setting a strong start for a professional career.
Explore Higher Education and Research Opportunities- (Semester 7-8)
For those interested in academia or advanced R&D, prepare for competitive exams like GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) or GRE/TOEFL for international studies. Engage in research projects with faculty, attend workshops, and explore doctoral programs in India or abroad.
Tools & Resources
GATE exam prep materials, GRE/TOEFL resources, University research labs, Faculty research groups
Career Connection
Pursuing higher education opens doors to specialized research roles, academic careers, and positions in R&D departments of major tech companies, leading to higher earning potential.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- Pass in Higher Secondary Examination of the Board of Higher Secondary Education of Kerala or an examination recognized as equivalent thereto, with 45% marks in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry / equivalent subjects put together. Relaxation for SC/ST/SEBC candidates as per government norms.
Duration: 8 semesters / 4 years
Credits: 160 Credits
Assessment: Internal: 40%, External: 60%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MA101 | Linear Algebra and Calculus | Core | 4 | Matrices and System of Linear Equations, Vector Spaces and Subspaces, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors, Differential Calculus of Single Variable, Functions of Several Variables, Integral Calculus and Multiple Integrals |
| PH100 | Engineering Physics | Core | 3 | Quantum Mechanics and Statistical Physics, Lasers and Fiber Optics, Superconductivity and Spintronics, Ultrasonics and Nondestructive Testing, Nanomaterials and Their Applications, Dielectric and Magnetic Materials |
| EE100 | Basics of Electrical Engineering | Core | 3 | DC Circuits and Network Theorems, AC Fundamentals and Sinusoidal Steady State, Single-phase and Three-phase Systems, Magnetic Circuits and Coupled Circuits, Transformers and Their Operation, DC Machines and AC Machines |
| BE101-05 | Introduction to Computing and Problem Solving | Core | 3 | Problem Solving Strategies and Algorithms, Fundamentals of C Programming, Control Structures and Loops, Arrays, Strings and Pointers, Functions and Structures, File Input/Output Operations |
| BE103-05 | Introduction to Sustainable Engineering | Core | 2 | Concepts of Sustainable Development, Environmental Impact of Engineering Activities, Resource Scarcity and Management, Renewable Energy Systems, Circular Economy and Industrial Ecology, Green Engineering and Sustainable Practices |
| PH110 | Engineering Physics Lab | Lab | 2 | Characteristics of Laser and Optical Fiber, Measurement of Energy Band Gap, Determination of Dielectric Constant, Studies on Solar Cells, Spectrometer Measurements, Viscosity and Surface Tension Experiments |
| EE110 | Electrical Engineering Workshop | Lab | 2 | Basic Electrical Wiring and Safety, House Wiring Practices, Fuses, Switches and Circuit Breakers, Measurement using Multimeter and Energy Meter, Earthing Practices, Introduction to PCB Fabrication |
| BE111-05 | Computer Programming Lab | Lab | 2 | C Programming Practice for Problem Solving, Implementation of Control Statements, Working with Arrays and Pointers, Functions and Parameter Passing, String Manipulation, Structures and File Handling |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CY100 | Engineering Chemistry | Core | 3 | Water Technology and Treatment, Polymers and Composites, Fuels and Combustion, Electrochemistry and Batteries, Corrosion and its Control, Spectroscopic Techniques |
| MA102 | Vector Calculus, Differential Equations and Transforms | Core | 4 | Vector Differentiation and Gradient, Vector Integration and Theorems, Ordinary Differential Equations, Laplace Transforms and Inverse Laplace Transforms, Fourier Series and Half-Range Expansions, Fourier Transforms and Properties |
| ME100 | Basics of Mechanical Engineering | Core | 3 | Thermodynamics and Laws, IC Engines and Refrigeration Systems, Power Plants and Energy Sources, Manufacturing Processes (Casting, Welding), Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, Introduction to Robotics |
| CE100 | Basics of Civil Engineering | Core | 3 | Surveying and Leveling, Building Materials (Cement, Concrete), Structural Elements (Beams, Columns), Foundation and Superstructure, Water Supply and Waste Management, Transportation Engineering Basics |
| HS101 | Life Skills | Core | 3 | Self-awareness and Self-management, Emotional Intelligence and Stress Management, Goal Setting and Time Management, Interpersonal Skills and Teamwork, Presentation Skills and Group Discussion, Professional Etiquette and Ethics |
| CY110 | Engineering Chemistry Lab | Lab | 2 | Water Hardness Determination, Polymer Synthesis and Characterization, Fuel Analysis, Potentiometric Titrations, pH Metry and Conductometry, Viscosity of Lubricants |
| ME110 | Mechanical Engineering Workshop | Lab | 2 | Fitting and Carpentry Operations, Welding (Arc, Gas) and Safety, Sheet Metal Work, Foundry Practices, Basic Machining Operations, Plumbing and Pipe Connections |
| CE110 | Civil Engineering Workshop | Lab | 2 | Masonry and Brickwork, Basic Plumbing Work, Carpentry Joints, Introduction to Surveying Instruments, Study of Building Components, Concrete Mixing and Testing |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MA201 | Probability, Random Processes and Numerical Methods | Core | 4 | Probability Distributions (Discrete and Continuous), Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, Correlation and Power Spectral Density, Numerical Solution of Algebraic Equations, Numerical Differentiation and Integration, Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations |
| EC201 | Solid State Devices | Core | 3 | Semiconductor Physics and PN Junction Diode, Diode Applications (Rectifiers, Clippers, Clampers), Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) Characteristics, Field Effect Transistors (FET, MOSFET), Special Purpose Diodes (Zener, LED, Photodiode), Introduction to IC Fabrication Techniques |
| EC203 | Signals and Systems | Core | 4 | Classification of Signals and Systems, Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems, Fourier Series and Fourier Transform, Laplace Transform and its Applications, Sampling Theorem and Aliasing, Z-Transform and Discrete-Time Systems |
| EC205 | Electronic Circuits | Core | 3 | Transistor Biasing and Stabilization, Small Signal Analysis of BJT and FET Amplifiers, Frequency Response of Amplifiers, Power Amplifiers (Class A, B, AB), Feedback Amplifiers and Oscillators, Multivibrators and Waveform Generators |
| EC207 | Logic Circuit Design | Core | 3 | Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates, K-Maps and Quine-McCluskey Method, Combinational Logic Circuits (Adders, Decoders), Sequential Logic Circuits (Flip-Flops), Counters and Registers, Memory Devices (RAM, ROM) |
| HS200 | Business Economics | Core | 3 | Introduction to Microeconomics, Demand and Supply Analysis, Production and Cost Analysis, Market Structures and Pricing, Macroeconomics (National Income, Inflation), Financial Accounting and Project Appraisal |
| EC208 | Electronic Circuits Lab | Lab | 2 | Characteristics of Diodes and Zener Diodes, Rectifier Circuits and Filters, Transistor Amplifier Design (CE, CB, CC), Op-Amp Based Circuits, RC Phase Shift and Wein Bridge Oscillators, Multivibrator Circuits |
| EC209 | Logic Design Lab | Lab | 2 | Verification of Logic Gates, Design of Combinational Circuits (Adders, Subtractors), Implementation of Multiplexers and Demultiplexers, Design of Encoders and Decoders, Flip-Flop Characteristics (SR, JK, D, T), Design of Counters and Shift Registers |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MA204 | Probability, Random Processes and Numerical Methods | Core | 4 | Probability Distributions (Poisson, Gaussian), Random Processes and Stationarity, Correlation Functions and Power Spectral Density, Numerical Solution of Linear Systems, Curve Fitting and Interpolation, Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations |
| EC202 | Analog Communication | Core | 4 | Amplitude Modulation (AM, DSB-SC, SSB, VSB), Angle Modulation (FM, PM), Transmitters and Receivers (Superheterodyne), Noise in Communication Systems, Sampling Theorem and Quantization, Pulse Modulation Techniques |
| EC204 | Analog Integrated Circuits | Core | 4 | Op-Amp Characteristics and Parameters, Linear Applications of Op-Amps (Amplifiers, Integrators), Non-Linear Applications of Op-Amps (Comparators, Rectifiers), Active Filters Design, Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), Timer IC (555) and its Applications |
| EC206 | Microcontroller & Embedded Systems | Core | 3 | 8051 Microcontroller Architecture, 8051 Instruction Set and Assembly Language Programming, Memory and I/O Interfacing, Timers, Counters and Serial Communication, Interrupts and Interrupt Programming, Introduction to Embedded System Design |
| EC208 | Digital Signal Processing | Core | 3 | Discrete-Time Signals and Systems, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and its Properties, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Algorithms, Z-Transform and Inverse Z-Transform, FIR Filter Design Techniques, IIR Filter Design Techniques |
| HS Elective I | Humanities Elective I (e.g., Principles of Management) | Elective | 3 | Management Principles and Functions, Organizational Structures and Design, Motivation and Leadership Theories, Human Resource Management, Decision Making and Communication, Ethics in Business |
| EC220 | Project Lab | Lab | 1 | Mini Project Design and Planning, Component Selection and Circuit Implementation, Testing and Debugging, Problem Solving and Innovation, Report Writing and Presentation, Teamwork and Collaboration |
| EC222 | Analog Integrated Circuits Lab | Lab | 2 | Op-Amp as Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifier, Op-Amp based Integrators and Differentiators, Active Filter Design (Low-pass, High-pass), Waveform Generation using Op-Amps, Characteristics of 555 Timer IC, Analog to Digital Conversion Circuits |
| EC224 | Microcontroller Lab | Lab | 2 | 8051 Assembly Language Programming, I/O Port Programming and Interfacing LEDs/Switches, Timer/Counter Programming, Serial Communication with PC, Interrupt Programming, Interfacing LCD and ADC |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC301 | Digital Communication | Core | 4 | Digital Modulation Techniques (ASK, FSK, PSK, QAM), Source Coding and Channel Coding, Spread Spectrum Communication, Multiple Access Techniques (FDMA, TDMA, CDMA), Error Control Coding (Linear Block Codes, Cyclic Codes), Multiplexing and De-multiplexing |
| EC303 | Applied Electromagnetic Theory | Core | 4 | Maxwell''''s Equations and Wave Propagation, Uniform Plane Waves in Various Media, Transmission Lines and Smith Chart, Waveguides (Rectangular, Circular), Antennas and Radiation Patterns, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) |
| EC305 | Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation | Core | 3 | Measurement Standards and Errors, Bridge Circuits for RLC Measurement, Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO), Signal Generators and Analyzers, Transducers and Sensors, Data Acquisition Systems |
| EC307 | Power Electronics | Core | 3 | Power Semiconductor Devices (SCR, MOSFET, IGBT), Controlled Rectifiers (Phase Controlled), DC to DC Converters (Choppers), DC to AC Converters (Inverters), AC Voltage Controllers, Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) |
| EC360 | Program Elective I (e.g., Solid State Devices and Circuits) | Elective | 3 | Advanced Diode and Transistor Theory, Switching Characteristics of Semiconductor Devices, High Frequency Amplifiers, Negative and Positive Feedback Circuits, Operational Amplifier Design, Introduction to Integrated Circuit Design |
| HS Elective II | Humanities Elective II (e.g., Professional Ethics) | Elective | 3 | Engineering Ethics and Moral Issues, Professionalism and Codes of Ethics, Rights and Responsibilities of Engineers, Global Issues (Environmental, Computer Ethics), Ethical Dilemmas and Decision Making, Corporate Social Responsibility |
| EC308 | Digital Communication Lab | Lab | 2 | PCM and Delta Modulation/Demodulation, ASK, FSK, PSK Modulation/Demodulation, Line Coding Techniques, Error Control Coding Implementation, OFDM Principles, Introduction to Optical Fiber Communication |
| EC309 | Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation Lab | Lab | 2 | Measurement of Resistance, Inductance, Capacitance, Characteristics of Transducers (LVDT, Thermistor), CRO Applications (Frequency, Phase Measurement), Function Generator and Spectrum Analyzer Usage, Data Acquisition System Interfacing, Strain Gauge and Load Cell Measurements |
| EC330 | Design Project | Project | 2 | System Level Design, Component Selection and Justification, Schematic Design and PCB Layout, Circuit Assembly and Testing, Troubleshooting and Debugging, Technical Report Preparation |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC302 | Advanced Digital Signal Processing | Core | 4 | Multirate Signal Processing (Decimation, Interpolation), Adaptive Filters (LMS Algorithm), Wavelet Transform Fundamentals, DSP Processors Architecture, Application of DSP in Communication, Speech and Image Processing Basics |
| EC304 | VLSI Design | Core | 4 | CMOS Technology and Fabrication Process, CMOS Inverter and Logic Gates, Static and Dynamic CMOS Circuits, VLSI Design Flow, Design Rules and Layout, FPGA Architectures and Interconnects |
| EC306 | Microwave & Radar Engineering | Core | 3 | Microwave Devices (Klystron, Gunn Diode), Waveguide Components and Couplers, Microwave Antennas, Radar Equation and System Basics, Types of Radar Systems (CW, Pulsed), Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) |
| EC362 | Program Elective II (e.g., Object Oriented Programming) | Elective | 3 | OOP Concepts (Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism), Classes, Objects and Methods, Introduction to Java/C++, Exception Handling and Multithreading, Graphical User Interface (GUI) Programming, Data Structures using OOP |
| OE3xx | Open Elective I | Elective | 3 | |
| EC332 | Comprehensive Exam | Core | 1 | Review of Core ECE Subjects, Problem-Solving Skills, General Aptitude for Engineering, Technical Interview Preparation, Conceptual Understanding, Application of Engineering Principles |
| EC340 | Mini Project | Project | 2 | Problem Identification and Scope Definition, System Design and Module Integration, Hardware/Software Implementation, Testing and Debugging, Documentation and Presentation, Independent Learning |
| EC308 | Digital Signal Processing Lab | Lab | 2 | Implementation of DFT and FFT, FIR and IIR Filter Design using MATLAB/Python, Sampling Rate Conversion (Up/Down Sampling), Introduction to Audio/Image Processing, Real-time DSP Applications, DSP Processor Programming Basics |
| EC309 | VLSI Design Lab | Lab | 2 | CMOS Logic Gates Design and Simulation, Layout Design using EDA Tools (e.g., Cadence, Tanner), FPGA Programming using VHDL/Verilog, Synthesis and Place & Route, Timing Analysis and Power Estimation, Design of Small Digital Systems on FPGA |
Semester 7
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC401 | Embedded System Design | Core | 4 | ARM Microcontroller Architecture and Programming, Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) Concepts, Device Drivers and Interrupt Handling, Interfacing Sensors, Actuators and Displays, Communication Protocols (I2C, SPI, UART, CAN), Embedded System Application Development |
| EC403 | Wireless Communication | Core | 3 | Mobile Radio Propagation and Fading Channels, Cellular System Concepts and Architectures, Multiple Access Techniques (FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, OFDMA), GSM and GPRS Architectures, LTE and 5G Technology, Wireless LANs (Wi-Fi) and Bluetooth |
| EC461 | Program Elective III (e.g., Digital Image Processing) | Elective | 3 | Digital Image Fundamentals, Image Enhancement Techniques, Image Restoration and Filtering, Image Segmentation, Image Compression, Color Image Processing |
| EC463 | Program Elective IV (e.g., Optoelectronic Devices) | Elective | 3 | Properties of Optical Materials, LEDs and Laser Diodes, Photodetectors (PIN, APD), Solar Cells and Photovoltaics, Optical Modulators and Switches, Fiber Optic Sensors |
| OE4xx | Open Elective II | Elective | 3 | |
| EC408 | Embedded System Lab | Lab | 2 | ARM Microcontroller Programming (Keil/IAR), RTOS Task Management and Scheduling, Interfacing with various Sensors and Actuators, Implementation of Communication Protocols (I2C, SPI), Developing Embedded Applications, Debugging and Performance Analysis |
| EC498 | Project Work (Phase 1) | Project | 4 | Literature Survey and Problem Identification, Project Planning and Schedule Management, System Requirements Specification, Preliminary Design and Block Diagram, Component Selection and Cost Analysis, Progress Reporting and Presentation |
Semester 8
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC402 | Optical Communication | Core | 3 | Optical Fiber Structure and Wave Propagation, Light Sources (LED, Laser Diode), Photodetectors (PIN, APD) and Receivers, Optical Amplifiers and WDM Systems, Fiber Optic Communication Links, Optical Networks and Technologies |
| EC472 | Program Elective V (e.g., Internet of Things) | Elective | 3 | IoT Architecture and Design Principles, IoT Devices and Sensors, Communication Protocols (MQTT, CoAP, HTTP), Cloud Platforms for IoT, IoT Data Analytics, IoT Security and Privacy |
| EC474 | Program Elective VI (e.g., Communication Networks) | Elective | 3 | Network Topologies and Layered Architecture, OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models, Routing Protocols and Algorithms, Congestion Control in Networks, Network Security Fundamentals, Wireless and Mobile Networks |
| OE4xx | Open Elective III | Elective | 3 | |
| EC492 | Seminar | Core | 2 | Advanced Technical Topic Research, Literature Review and Analysis, Technical Report Writing, Effective Presentation Skills, Question and Answer Handling, Critical Thinking and Discussion |
| EC499 | Project Work (Phase 2) | Project | 6 | Final System Implementation and Integration, Comprehensive Testing and Validation, Performance Analysis and Optimization, Detailed Technical Report Preparation, Project Demonstration and Presentation, Ethical Considerations in Project Development |
