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B-A in Sociology at Richard Almeda Memorial College
Udupi, Karnataka
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About the Specialization
What is Sociology at Richard Almeda Memorial College Udupi?
This Sociology program at Richard Almeda Memorial College focuses on understanding human society, social behavior, and cultural patterns. It delves into critical aspects of Indian society, including caste, class, gender, and rural-urban dynamics. The curriculum, aligned with NEP 2020, emphasizes analytical skills and community engagement, vital for addressing complex social issues and contributing to policy-making and community development, aligning with India''''s diverse socio-economic landscape.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for fresh graduates from any stream seeking to build a career in social sciences, non-profit organizations, or public administration. It also suits individuals passionate about social justice, policy advocacy, and community work. Aspiring civil servants, social researchers, community organizers, and those aiming for roles in NGOs, CSR, or academic research will find this specialization highly rewarding in the Indian context.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect diverse career paths in India, including social work, research analysis, government services (UPSC, KPSC), journalism, and human resources. Entry-level salaries typically range from INR 3-5 LPA, growing significantly with experience and specialization. Graduates can pursue higher education in social work, public policy, or further research, contributing to various Indian and international development agencies, fostering societal well-being and progress.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Build a Strong Theoretical Foundation- (Semester 1-2)
Actively participate in lectures, engage in critical discussions on classical sociological theories, and read recommended texts thoroughly. Utilize the college library for supplementary readings and form study groups to consolidate understanding of complex concepts like social structure and culture. Focus on developing a strong conceptual base through consistent academic engagement.
Tools & Resources
College Library, NCERT Sociology Books (Class 11 & 12), Online academic journals (e.g., Economic and Political Weekly via library access), Peer Study Groups
Career Connection
A strong theoretical grounding is crucial for analytical thinking, which is highly valued in competitive exams like UPSC, research positions, and policy analysis roles in India.
Enhance Communication and Research Skills- (Semester 1-2)
Focus on improving both written and verbal communication through academic essays, presentations, and group projects. Pay close attention to the research methodology courses, learning basic data collection techniques like surveys and interviews. Practice effective public speaking during class presentations and college events to build confidence.
Tools & Resources
Grammarly, Microsoft Office Suite (Word, PowerPoint), Mangalore University''''s Research Ethics Guidelines, College Debating/Public Speaking Clubs
Career Connection
These skills are fundamental for almost all sociology-related careers, from advocacy and social research to project management and communication roles in Indian NGOs and government bodies.
Engage in Local Community Initiatives- (Semester 1-2)
Seek opportunities to volunteer with local NGOs or community development projects in Udupi or surrounding areas. This provides firsthand exposure to social issues and allows for practical application of sociological concepts. Document experiences through reflective journals or project reports, fostering a deeper understanding of ground realities.
Tools & Resources
Local NGO directories, College NSS/NCC units, Community outreach programs, VolunteerMatch.org for broader search
Career Connection
Practical experience in community engagement is invaluable for roles in social work, rural development, and CSR, providing insights into India''''s diverse socio-economic challenges and opportunities.
Intermediate Stage
Deepen Understanding of Indian Social Dynamics- (Semester 3-5)
Beyond classroom learning, engage with current affairs and socio-political discussions relevant to India. Read reputable newspapers (e.g., The Hindu, Indian Express), watch documentaries, and follow analyses focusing on issues like caste, gender, tribal rights, and development challenges. Participate actively in college debates and seminars.
Tools & Resources
The Hindu/Indian Express newspapers, Economic and Political Weekly (EPW), Public forums and college debating societies, Government reports on social welfare schemes
Career Connection
A nuanced understanding of Indian society is critical for civil services, journalism, policy analysis, and any role within the Indian development and social sector, enhancing your employability.
Pursue Internships in Social Sector Organizations- (Semester 3-5)
Actively seek out internships with social welfare organizations, research institutes, government departments, or CSR divisions of companies. Focus on roles that allow you to assist in data collection, program implementation, or policy research. This builds practical skills and expands professional networks, especially in Karnataka.
Tools & Resources
Internshala.com, LinkedIn, Networking with faculty and alumni, District Social Welfare Office, Udupi
Career Connection
Internships are crucial for gaining industry exposure, translating theoretical knowledge into practical skills, and securing entry-level positions in the competitive Indian job market.
Develop Advanced Research and Analytical Skills- (Semester 3-5)
Beyond basic methods, explore advanced qualitative or quantitative research techniques relevant to social sciences. Consider learning introductory statistical software like SPSS or R, or qualitative analysis tools. Work on a minor research project under faculty guidance to apply these skills and build your research portfolio.
Tools & Resources
SPSS/R (introductory courses, online tutorials), NVivo (for qualitative analysis), Academic writing workshops, Mentorship from senior faculty on research projects
Career Connection
Proficiency in advanced research methods and analytical tools makes graduates highly competitive for roles in market research, policy research, and academic pursuits in India and globally.
Advanced Stage
Specialize and Build a Professional Portfolio- (Semester 6-8)
Identify a specific area of interest within Sociology (e.g., Gender Studies, Urban Sociology, Development Studies) and select relevant electives. Develop a comprehensive portfolio of your best research papers, project reports, and internship experiences. Consider presenting a paper at a student conference or publishing in college journals.
Tools & Resources
Specialized academic journals, Professional organizations (e.g., Indian Sociological Society), Conference call-for-papers, Online portfolio platforms (e.g., LinkedIn, personal academic blog)
Career Connection
Specialization enhances your value proposition, making you a more attractive candidate for targeted roles in research, policy advocacy, or specialized social programs, especially within specific Indian contexts.
Prepare Rigorously for Competitive Exams or Higher Studies- (Semester 6-8)
If aiming for civil services (UPSC/KPSC), begin dedicated preparation, focusing on General Studies and Sociology as an optional subject. For higher studies (MA Sociology, MSW, Public Policy), prepare for national and university-specific entrance exams like TISSNET, CUET-PG, or NET, and refine your statement of purpose with faculty guidance.
Tools & Resources
UPSC/KPSC study materials and coaching institutes (if applicable), Previous year question papers, Career counseling from college, Online platforms for entrance exam prep
Career Connection
Strategic preparation ensures successful entry into prestigious government roles or advanced academic programs, providing strong career growth opportunities and leadership positions within India''''s public and private sectors.
Network and Seek Mentorship- (Semester 6-8)
Actively build a professional network with alumni, faculty, and professionals in your target fields through seminars, workshops, and platforms like LinkedIn. Seek mentorship from experienced individuals who can guide your career path and provide insights into industry trends, job opportunities, and challenges within the Indian context.
Tools & Resources
LinkedIn, Alumni network events, Industry seminars and workshops, Faculty advisors and mentors
Career Connection
Networking opens doors to internships, job referrals, and valuable career advice, significantly enhancing placement prospects and professional development within the Indian and global professional landscape.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- Passed 10+2 or equivalent examination from a recognized board, with required minimum marks as per Mangalore University norms
Duration: 8 semesters (4 years) for Major with Research/Honours, 6 semesters (3 years) for Major Exit
Credits: Approx. 160 credits for 4-year Honours/Research; Approx. 120 credits for 3-year Major Credits
Assessment: Internal: 40%, External: 60%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 1 | Introduction to Sociology | Core | 4 | Emergence and Nature of Sociology, Basic Sociological Concepts: Society, Culture, Community, Association, Social Groups and Social Interaction, Social Structure and Institutions, Methods of Sociological Inquiry |
| AECC 1 | Communicative English / Kannada / Other Indian Language | Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course | 2 | Grammar and Composition, Reading Comprehension, Writing Skills, Spoken English/Language, Literary Appreciation |
| AECC 2 | Environmental Studies / Constitution of India | Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course | 2 | Ecosystems and Biodiversity, Environmental Pollution and Management, Sustainable Development Goals, Preamble and Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Duties |
| VAC 1 | Health and Wellness / Sports and Fitness | Value Added Course | 2 | Holistic Health Concepts, Nutrition and Balanced Diet, Mental Health Awareness and Stress Management, Physical Fitness Principles, Lifestyle Diseases and Prevention |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 2 | Society and Culture in India | Core | 4 | Dimensions of Indian Society: Unity in Diversity, Caste System and its Transformations, Tribal Communities and their Characteristics, Rural and Urban Social Structures, Family, Marriage and Kinship in India |
| AECC 3 | Communicative English / Kannada / Other Indian Language | Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course | 2 | Advanced Grammar and Vocabulary, Formal and Informal Communication, Report and Essay Writing, Presentation Skills, Critical Reading and Analysis |
| AECC 4 | Digital Fluency / Data Analysis | Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course | 2 | Digital Tools and Technologies, Cybersecurity Basics and Online Safety, Information Literacy and Critical Evaluation, Introduction to Spreadsheets and Data Presentation, Basic Statistical Concepts for Data Interpretation |
| VAC 2 | Yoga / Art of Living | Value Added Course | 2 | Introduction to Yoga and its Philosophy, Asanas, Pranayama, and Meditation Techniques, Stress Reduction and Mindfulness, Holistic Well-being Practices, Ethical Living and Personal Development |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 3 | Sociological Theories - I (Classical Thinkers) | Core | 4 | Auguste Comte and Positivism, Herbert Spencer and Social Darwinism, Emile Durkheim: Division of Labour, Social Facts, Suicide, Max Weber: Ideal Types, Bureaucracy, Protestant Ethic, Karl Marx: Class Conflict, Alienation, Historical Materialism |
| DSC 4 | Social Stratification | Core | 4 | Meaning and Dimensions of Social Stratification, Theories of Social Stratification (Functionalist, Conflict), Caste, Class, Status, and Power, Gender, Race, and Ethnicity as Stratifiers, Social Mobility: Types and Determinants |
| SEC 1 | Research Methodology in Social Sciences / Communication Skills | Skill Enhancement Course | 3 | Introduction to Social Research and its Types, Qualitative and Quantitative Methods, Data Collection Techniques (Survey, Interview, Observation), Data Analysis Basics, Academic Report Writing |
| OE 1 | Open Elective (Interdisciplinary) | Elective | 3 | Basic principles of an allied social science discipline, Interdisciplinary perspectives on societal issues, Application of core concepts in real-world contexts, Conceptual frameworks of chosen elective, Problem-solving approaches in new domains |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 5 | Sociological Theories - II (Contemporary Approaches) | Core | 4 | Structural Functionalism (Parsons, Merton), Conflict Theory (Dahrendorf, Coser), Symbolic Interactionism (Mead, Blumer), Phenomenology and Ethnomethodology, Feminist Perspectives, Postmodernism |
| DSC 6 | Social Problems in India | Core | 4 | Poverty and Inequality, Unemployment and Labour Issues, Child Labour and Trafficking, Gender-Based Violence and Discrimination, Environmental Degradation and Climate Change Impacts |
| SEC 2 | Social Entrepreneurship / Public Speaking | Skill Enhancement Course | 3 | Concept of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Business Models for Social Impact, Funding Social Ventures and Sustainability, Principles of Effective Public Speaking, Audience Analysis, Persuasion, and Presentation Skills |
| OE 2 | Open Elective (Interdisciplinary) | Elective | 3 | Exploration of a different academic field (e.g., Psychology, Economics, Political Science), Cross-disciplinary connections and synergies, Enhancing diverse skill sets and knowledge areas, Broadening academic horizons and critical thinking, Understanding contemporary issues from multiple perspectives |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 7 | Social Change and Development | Core | 4 | Concepts of Social Change and Development, Theories of Social Change (Evolutionary, Cyclical, Conflict), Agents of Change (Technology, Education, Economy, Media), Indicators of Development (HDI, GDI), Challenges to Development in India (Poverty, Inequality, Sustainability) |
| DSC 8 | Rural and Urban Sociology | Core | 4 | Characteristics of Rural and Urban Societies, Rural-Urban Continuum and Migration, Rural Development Programs and Policies in India, Urbanization, Smart Cities, and their Consequences, Problems of Urban Life (Slums, Pollution) and Planning |
| DSE 1 | Discipline Specific Elective (e.g., Industrial Sociology / Political Sociology) | Elective | 3 | Sociology of work and industry, Industrial relations, Power, state, and society, Political institutions, Social movements and political participation, Labor force, Globalization and work, Political culture and social change |
| SEC 3 | Skill Enhancement Course | Skill Enhancement Course | 3 | Advanced data collection techniques (e.g., FGDs, ethnographic methods), Qualitative data analysis software (e.g., NVivo basics), Project management skills for social initiatives, Grant proposal writing and fundraising, Advocacy and policy communication |
| OE 3 | Open Elective (Interdisciplinary) | Elective | 3 | Advanced concepts in selected elective field, Research applications and methodologies relevant to elective, Specialized analytical and critical thinking skills, Emerging trends and debates in the chosen domain, Case studies and problem analysis from an interdisciplinary lens |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 9 | Methods of Sociological Research | Core | 4 | Research Design and Hypothesis Formulation, Quantitative Research: Surveys, Sampling, Statistical Analysis, Qualitative Research: Ethnography, Case Study, Content Analysis, Ethical Considerations in Social Research, Data Interpretation and Scientific Report Writing |
| DSC 10 | Gender and Society | Core | 4 | Concepts of Sex, Gender, and Sexuality, Gender Socialization and Identity Formation, Gender Roles in Family, Education, Work, and Politics, Gender Inequality and Discrimination in India, Feminist Movements and Gender Justice Policies |
| DSE 2 | Discipline Specific Elective (e.g., Sociology of Health / Population Studies) | Elective | 3 | Social determinants of health and illness, Healthcare systems, policies, and access in India, Demographic processes: fertility, mortality, migration, Population growth and control policies in India, Health inequalities and disparities |
| SEC 4 | Skill Enhancement Course | Skill Enhancement Course | 3 | Leadership and team management skills, Conflict resolution and negotiation strategies, Digital content creation for social causes, Advocacy campaign development and implementation, Professional ethics and conduct in social science fields |
| OE 4 | Open Elective (Interdisciplinary) | Elective | 3 | Comparative analysis of theories across disciplines, Case studies from different fields illustrating interdisciplinary issues, Innovation and creativity in research and problem-solving, Ethical considerations in interdisciplinary work, Global perspectives on chosen topic or field |
Semester 7
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 11 | Sociology of Environment | Core | 4 | Society-Environment Relationship and Human Impact, Environmental Problems and Social Causes, Environmental Movements and Activism in India, Sustainable Development and Green Initiatives, Environmental Policy and Governance |
| DSC 12 | Sociology of Education | Core | 4 | Education as a Social Institution and Socialization, Education and Social Inequality (Caste, Class, Gender), Education Policies in India (NEP 2020 and RTE), Role of Education in Social Change and Development, Challenges and Reforms in Indian Education System |
| DSE 3 | Discipline Specific Elective (Advanced Elective) | Elective | 4 | Advanced theories in a specialized sociological area (e.g., criminology, diaspora studies), In-depth case studies and comparative analysis, Policy implications of advanced sociological research, Critical analysis of contemporary social issues, Emerging areas and future trends in global sociology |
| INT | Internship / Project Work | Practical/Project | 6 | Application of sociological concepts in real-world settings, Fieldwork and data collection techniques, Project planning, execution, and monitoring, Report writing and presentation of findings, Professional skill development and ethical practices |
Semester 8
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DSC 13 | Globalisation and Society | Core | 4 | Concepts and Dimensions of Globalisation, Impact of Globalisation on Economy, Culture, and Politics, Globalisation and Inequality: Rich-Poor Divide, Transnational Social Movements and Global Governance, India''''s Response to Globalisation and its Challenges |
| DSC 14 | Contemporary Sociological Debates | Core | 4 | Post-structuralism and Postmodernism, Critiques of Modernity and New Social Theories, Identity Politics, Intersectionality, and Multiculturalism, Digital Society, Social Media, and Surveillance, Risk Society, Environmental Challenges, and Futures Studies |
| RPD | Research Project / Dissertation | Project | 10 | Independent research design and methodology, Advanced data analysis techniques (qualitative/quantitative), Thesis writing and academic argumentation, Critical evaluation of existing sociological literature, Original contribution to sociological knowledge |
