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B-A-LL-B-HONS in General at Siksha 'O' Anusandhan
Khordha, Odisha
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About the Specialization
What is General at Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Khordha?
This B.A. LL.B (Hons.) program at Siksha ''''O'''' Anusandhan focuses on an integrated understanding of legal principles with humanities subjects like Political Science, Economics, and History. It aims to develop a holistic perspective on law within the Indian socio-economic context. The program emphasizes analytical thinking, research skills, and ethical legal practice, addressing the evolving demands of the Indian legal landscape.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for high school graduates with a keen interest in public service, social justice, and a career in law. It attracts individuals seeking to join the judiciary, practice corporate law, or engage in legal academia. Aspirants with strong communication and critical thinking skills, looking for an intellectually stimulating curriculum with practical exposure, will find this program suitable for a robust legal foundation.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect diverse career paths in India, including roles as advocates in courts, legal advisors in corporations, public prosecutors, or judicial officers after qualifying exams. Entry-level salaries typically range from INR 3-6 lakhs per annum, with significant growth potential in specialized areas. The program also prepares students for competitive exams for civil services and international legal opportunities.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Master Legal Fundamentals- (Semester 1-2)
Focus on building a strong foundation in Torts, Contracts, and Legal Method. Attend all lectures, take detailed notes, and actively participate in discussions. Utilize study groups to clarify concepts and practice problem-solving.
Tools & Resources
Bare Acts, Standard legal textbooks (e.g., R.K. Bangia for Torts), Legal dictionaries, University library resources
Career Connection
A solid grasp of fundamental laws is crucial for all legal careers and forms the basis for advanced legal reasoning and application.
Develop Research and Writing Skills- (Semester 1-2)
Regularly practice legal writing through assignments and case briefs. Learn to use online legal databases effectively. Focus on clear, concise, and logical presentation of arguments, essential for legal practice.
Tools & Resources
SCC Online (trial versions), Manupatra (trial versions), University writing center, Legal drafting guides
Career Connection
Strong legal research and writing skills are non-negotiable for success in advocacy, legal journalism, and corporate law roles.
Engage in Academic and Extracurricular Activities- (Semester 1-2)
Join moot court societies, debate clubs, and legal aid cells from the outset. This helps in public speaking, critical analysis, and understanding societal legal issues. Participate in inter-college competitions to gain exposure.
Tools & Resources
College''''s moot court society, Legal aid clinic, Various departmental clubs
Career Connection
Enhances advocacy skills, builds confidence, and provides networking opportunities vital for internships and future employment.
Intermediate Stage
Seek Early Internships- (Semester 3-5 (during summer/winter breaks))
Pursue short-term internships during semester breaks with local lawyers, NGOs, or district courts. This provides exposure to practical legal work, court procedures, and client interaction, offering real-world context to classroom learning.
Tools & Resources
College placement cell, Legal internship portals (e.g., Lawctopus), Personal networking
Career Connection
Gaining practical experience early helps in identifying areas of interest and building a professional network, improving employability.
Specialize in Electives- (Semester 3-5)
Carefully choose open and department elective courses based on emerging legal fields like Cyber Law, Environmental Law, or IPR. Dive deep into these subjects through independent research and projects.
Tools & Resources
Specialized legal journals, Online courses (e.g., NPTEL, Coursera), Faculty mentors
Career Connection
Developing expertise in niche areas makes you a more attractive candidate for specialized roles in law firms and corporate houses.
Participate in Moot Court Competitions- (Semester 3-5)
Actively engage in inter-college and national moot court competitions. This refines research, drafting, and oral argumentation skills, simulating courtroom experiences and providing invaluable learning.
Tools & Resources
Dedicated moot court coaches, University moot court hall, Previous year''''s moot propositions
Career Connection
Mooting prowess is highly valued by recruiters for roles in litigation and corporate advisory, demonstrating advocacy and analytical capabilities.
Advanced Stage
Focus on Practical Training & Clinical Courses- (Semester 6-8)
Maximize learning from subjects like Moot Court, Drafting, Pleading, Conveyancing, and Legal Ethics. Treat these as opportunities to apply theoretical knowledge and develop indispensable practical skills.
Tools & Resources
Faculty guidance, Practical handbooks, Observation of court proceedings, Legal clinics
Career Connection
These practical skills are directly transferable to professional legal practice and are often prerequisites for licensing and advocacy.
Intensive Internship & Research Projects- (Semester 7-10 (during extended breaks or final semester))
Undertake long-term internships (4-6 weeks) with high courts, law firms, or corporate legal departments. Work on dissertation/research projects in areas of interest, contributing to academic discourse.
Tools & Resources
Placement cell, Professional network, Research guides, Academic databases
Career Connection
High-quality internships often lead to pre-placement offers, while strong research enhances profiles for higher studies or specialized roles.
Prepare for Career Paths- (Semester 8-10)
Decide on a specific career trajectory (litigation, corporate, judiciary, academia) and prepare accordingly. For judiciary, focus on relevant civil/criminal law. For corporate, focus on contract, company, IPR. Attend placement preparation workshops.
Tools & Resources
Coaching institutes (if required for judiciary), Alumni network, Career counseling cells, Mock interviews
Career Connection
Targeted preparation maximizes chances of securing desired roles immediately after graduation, aligning skills with industry requirements.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- Passed 10+2 or equivalent examination with minimum 45% marks (42% for OBC, 40% for SC/ST). Maximum age 20 years for General Category and 22 years for SC/ST/OBC Category.
Duration: 5 years (10 semesters)
Credits: 246 Credits
Assessment: Internal: 30%, External: 70%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL101 | Law of Torts including Motor Vehicles Act and Consumer Protection Act | Core | 4 | Nature of Tort, Defences, Vicarious and Strict Liability, Trespass and Nuisance, Defamation, Motor Vehicles Act, Consumer Protection Act |
| BAL102 | Legal Method | Core | 4 | Nature and Classification of Law, Sources of Law, Legal Concepts and Reasoning, Statutory Interpretation, Judicial Precedent |
| BAL103 | English | Core | 4 | Grammar and Usage, Reading Comprehension, Writing Skills (Essays, Reports), Legal Terminology, Communication Skills |
| BAL104 | Political Science-I (Political Theory) | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Political Science, State and Sovereignty, Justice, Liberty, Equality, Rights and Duties, Democracy and Citizenship |
| BAL105 | Economics-I (Principles of Economics) | Core | 4 | Basic Economic Problems, Demand and Supply Analysis, Production and Cost, Market Structures, National Income |
| BAL106 | History-I (Ancient and Medieval India) | Core | 4 | Sources of Ancient Indian History, Major Dynasties and Empires, Socio-Economic Conditions, Cultural Developments, Decline of Mughal Empire |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL201 | Law of Contract | Core | 4 | Formation of Contract, Offer and Acceptance, Consideration, Capacity of Parties, Free Consent, Legality of Object, Discharge of Contract, Remedies for Breach |
| BAL202 | Legal Language & Writing | Core | 4 | Legal Terminology, Pleadings and Conveyancing, Legal Research Methodology, Drafting of Legal Documents, Report Writing |
| BAL203 | Political Science-II (Indian Government & Politics) | Core | 4 | Constitutional Development, Salient Features of Indian Constitution, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Directive Principles, Organs of Government (Union and State) |
| BAL204 | Economics-II (Indian Economy) | Core | 4 | Structure of Indian Economy, Economic Planning in India, Agriculture and Industry in India, Poverty and Unemployment, Economic Reforms |
| BAL205 | History-II (Modern India) | Core | 4 | Establishment of British Rule, Socio-Religious Reform Movements, Indian National Movement, Partition of India, Post-Independence India |
| BAL206 | Computer Application for Law | Core | 4 | Basics of Computer Systems, Operating Systems, MS Office Applications, Internet and Legal Databases, Cyber Security Fundamentals |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL301 | Jurisprudence (Legal Theory) | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Jurisprudence, Schools of Jurisprudence (Analytical, Historical, Sociological), Sources of Law (Custom, Precedent, Legislation), Concepts of Rights, Duties, Property, Legal Personality |
| BAL302 | Constitutional Law-I | Core | 4 | Constitutionalism and Rule of Law, Preamble, Citizenship, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Duties |
| BAL303 | Family Law-I (Hindu Law) | Core | 4 | Sources of Hindu Law, Hindu Marriage Act, Hindu Succession Act, Adoption and Maintenance Act, Guardianship |
| BAL304 | Law of Crime-I (Indian Penal Code) | Core | 4 | General Principles of Criminal Law, General Exceptions, Inchoate Crimes, Offences Against Human Body, Offences Against Property |
| BAL305 | Sociology-I (Introduction to Sociology) | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Sociology, Basic Sociological Concepts, Social Institutions, Social Stratification, Social Change |
| OEC-1 | Open Elective Course-I | Elective | 6 |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL401 | Constitutional Law-II | Core | 4 | Union Executive (President, Prime Minister), Union Legislature (Parliament), Union Judiciary (Supreme Court), State Executive, Legislature, Judiciary, Emergency Provisions, Amendment of the Constitution |
| BAL402 | Family Law-II (Muslim Law & Other Personal Laws) | Core | 4 | Sources of Muslim Law, Marriage (Nikah) and Dissolution, Dower, Maintenance, Guardianship, Wakf, Gifts, Wills, Indian Succession Act, Parsi Law |
| BAL403 | Law of Crime-II (Indian Penal Code) | Core | 4 | Offences Against State, Public Tranquility, Offences relating to Elections, Offences by/against Public Servants, Offences relating to Religion |
| BAL404 | Administrative Law | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Administrative Law, Rule of Law and Separation of Powers, Delegated Legislation, Administrative Discretion, Principles of Natural Justice, Judicial Review of Administrative Action |
| BAL405 | Sociology-II (Indian Society: Structure and Change) | Core | 4 | Caste System in India, Class and Tribe, Family, Kinship, Marriage, Social Movements, Urbanization and Globalization |
| OEC-2 | Open Elective Course-II | Elective | 6 |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL501 | Environmental Law | Core | 4 | International Environmental Law, Constitutional Provisions for Environmental Protection, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Environment Protection Act, Forest Laws |
| BAL502 | Law of Evidence | Core | 4 | Nature and Principles of Evidence, Relevancy of Facts, Admissions and Confessions, Dying Declaration, Witnesses and Examination, Burden of Proof |
| BAL503 | Company Law | Core | 4 | Nature and Kinds of Companies, Incorporation of a Company, Memorandum and Articles of Association, Share Capital and Debentures, Directors and Management, Meetings, Winding Up |
| BAL504 | Cyber Law | Core | 4 | Evolution of Cyber Law, Information Technology Act 2000, Digital Signatures, E-commerce, Cyber Crimes, Data Protection and Privacy |
| BAL505 | Professional Ethics and Professional Accounting System | Core | 4 | Standards of Legal Profession, Bar-Bench Relations, Professional Misconduct, Contempt of Court, Accountancy for Lawyers |
| AECC-1 | Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course-I | Core | 6 |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL601 | Civil Procedure Code and Law of Limitation | Core | 4 | Jurisdiction of Courts, Institution of Suit, Pleadings (Plaint and Written Statement), Summons, Discovery, Interrogatories, Judgment, Decree, Execution, Law of Limitation |
| BAL602 | Criminal Procedure Code-I | Core | 4 | Constitution of Criminal Courts, Powers of Courts, Arrest of Persons, Search and Seizure, Information to Police and FIR, Investigation Procedure |
| BAL603 | Banking and Insurance Law | Core | 4 | Banking Regulation Act, Reserve Bank of India Act, Negotiable Instruments Act, IRDA Act, Principles of Insurance, Types of Insurance |
| BAL604 | Labour Law-I | Core | 4 | Industrial Disputes Act, Trade Unions Act, Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, Factories Act, Workmen''''s Compensation |
| BAL605 | Human Rights Law | Core | 4 | Concept of Human Rights, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenants (ICCPR, ICESCR), National Human Rights Commission, State Human Rights Commissions |
| AECC-2 | Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course-II | Core | 6 |
Semester 7
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL701 | Land Laws including Tenure & Tenancy System | Core | 4 | Concept of Land and Property, Land Reforms in India, Odisha Land Reforms Act, Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, Rent Control Legislation |
| BAL702 | Criminal Procedure Code-II | Core | 4 | Framing of Charge, Trial Procedures (Summons, Warrant, Sessions), Evidence in Criminal Cases, Judgment, Appeal, Revision, Bail and Anticipatory Bail |
| BAL703 | Law of Taxation | Core | 4 | Basic Concepts of Taxation, Income Tax Act 1961, Goods and Services Tax (GST), Customs Act, Tax Planning |
| BAL704 | Intellectual Property Rights | Core | 4 | Introduction to IPR, Patents Act, Copyright Act, Trademarks Act, Geographical Indications Act, Designs Act |
| DE-1 | Department Elective Course-I | Elective | 4 | |
| BAL706 | Practical Training-I (Moot Court, Pre-Trial Preparations and Internship) | Practical | 6 | Moot Court Exercises, Client Interviewing, Legal Aid and Public Interest Litigation, Observation of Trial Proceedings, Internship Report |
Semester 8
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL801 | Interpretation of Statutes & Principles of Legislation | Core | 4 | Rules of Interpretation, Internal and External Aids to Interpretation, Presumptions in Interpretation, Principles of Legislation, Judicial Activism and Restraint |
| BAL802 | Public International Law | Core | 4 | Nature and Sources of International Law, Subjects of International Law (States, NGOs), Recognition of States, Law of Treaties, United Nations, International Criminal Law |
| BAL803 | Alternate Dispute Resolution | Core | 4 | Introduction to ADR, Arbitration, Conciliation, Mediation, Negotiation, Lok Adalat |
| BAL804 | Labour Law-II | Core | 4 | Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Wages Act, Employees'''' Compensation Act, Employees'''' State Insurance Act, Employees'''' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act |
| DE-2 | Department Elective Course-II | Elective | 4 | |
| BAL806 | Practical Training-II (Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing) | Practical | 6 | Civil Pleadings (Plaint, Written Statement, Application), Criminal Pleadings (Complaint, Bail Application), Conveyancing (Sale Deed, Lease Deed, Mortgage Deed, Will), Drafting of Agreements and Notices |
Semester 9
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL901 | Law of Equity, Trust & Specific Relief | Core | 4 | Principles of Equity, Indian Trusts Act, Specific Relief Act, Injunctions, Rectification, Rescission, Cancellation of Instruments |
| BAL902 | Competition Law | Core | 4 | Introduction to Competition Law, Competition Act 2002, Anti-Competitive Agreements, Abuse of Dominant Position, Combinations (Mergers & Acquisitions), Competition Commission of India |
| DE-3 | Department Elective Course-III | Elective | 4 | |
| DE-4 | Department Elective Course-IV | Elective | 4 | |
| BAL905 | Practical Training-III (Legal Ethics, Bar-Bench Relations and Accountancy) | Practical | 6 | Advocates Act 1961, Code of Ethics for Lawyers, Bar Council of India Rules, Contempt of Courts Act, Client Management and Fees |
Semester 10
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL1001 | Merger & Acquisition | Core | 4 | Types of Mergers and Acquisitions, Legal Framework for M&A, Due Diligence, Valuation Methods, Post-Merger Integration |
| BAL1002 | Private International Law | Core | 4 | Nature and Scope of Private International Law, Jurisdiction of Courts, Choice of Law (Contract, Torts), Enforcement of Foreign Judgments, Domicile and Nationality, Family Law in Private International Law |
| DE-5 | Department Elective Course-V | Elective | 4 | |
| DE-6 | Department Elective Course-VI | Elective | 4 | |
| BAL1005 | Practical Training-IV (Internship) | Practical | 4 | In-depth practical experience in law firms, Corporate legal departments or Courts, Legal research and drafting under supervision, Professional networking, Internship Report and Viva |
