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BA-LLB-HONS in General at The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences
Kolkata, West Bengal
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About the Specialization
What is General at The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences Kolkata?
This BA_LLB_Hons program at The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences focuses on providing a comprehensive understanding of law integrated with social sciences. It prepares students for diverse legal careers in India, including litigation, corporate law, judiciary, and public policy. The interdisciplinary approach enhances analytical and critical thinking, crucial for navigating the evolving Indian legal landscape, fostering a holistic legal education.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for ambitious 10+2 graduates with a keen interest in law, social sciences, and a desire to contribute to justice in India. It also suits those aiming for competitive examinations like the Civil Services, judiciary, or seeking a strong academic foundation for further research. Aspiring legal professionals, policy analysts, and social workers looking for a rigorous, nationally recognized degree will find this program fitting.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect promising career paths in India as advocates, legal consultants, public prosecutors, corporate lawyers, and judicial officers. Entry-level salaries typically range from INR 4-8 LPA, with significant growth potential up to INR 15-30 LPA for experienced professionals in top-tier firms or senior roles. The degree also provides a robust foundation for pursuing LL.M. or Ph.D. in India or abroad.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Cultivate Strong Research & Writing Skills- (Semester 1-2)
Early focus on developing critical legal research abilities using online databases and mastering legal writing principles for assignments and moot memorials. Engage in extensive reading of case laws and academic articles.
Tools & Resources
Manupatra, SCC Online, Legal research guides, Academic writing workshops
Career Connection
Essential for effective advocacy, drafting, and academic pursuits; lays groundwork for success in all legal professions.
Actively Participate in Academic Discussions & Debates- (Semester 1-2)
Engage enthusiastically in classroom discussions, join college debate societies, and participate in inter-college debate competitions to hone oral advocacy and critical thinking skills. This helps in understanding diverse perspectives on legal issues.
Tools & Resources
Debate clubs, Intra-college competitions, Peer study groups
Career Connection
Builds confidence for court arguments, client interactions, and professional presentations in any legal role.
Build a Foundation in Social Sciences- (Semester 1-2)
Since the BA LLB integrates social sciences (Political Science, Economics, Sociology, History), dedicate time to understanding their fundamental principles and their intersection with law. This provides a holistic perspective on legal issues.
Tools & Resources
Textbooks, Academic journals in social sciences, Interdisciplinary seminars
Career Connection
Crucial for policy-making, human rights law, and understanding socio-economic aspects of legal reforms in India.
Intermediate Stage
Pursue Practical Internships in diverse legal fields- (Semester 3-5)
Seek internships with litigation lawyers, corporate firms, NGOs, or government departments during semester breaks. This provides hands-on experience, clarifies career interests, and builds a professional network.
Tools & Resources
College placement cell, LinkedIn, Legal internship portals
Career Connection
Gaining practical exposure is vital for placements and understanding the day-to-day realities of legal practice in India.
Excel in Moot Court Competitions- (Semester 3-5)
Actively participate in intra-college and national moot court competitions. Focus on researching complex legal issues, drafting persuasive memorials, and developing strong oral advocacy skills.
Tools & Resources
Moot Court Society, Senior mentors, Legal databases
Career Connection
Directly enhances advocacy skills, crucial for litigation, and is highly valued by law firms and judicial services.
Develop Specialized Knowledge through Electives and Research- (Semester 3-5)
Start exploring specific areas of law (e.g., IPR, Cyber Law, Corporate Law) through elective courses, independent research projects, and specialized workshops. This helps in identifying a niche.
Tools & Resources
Elective course offerings, Faculty guidance, Legal research centers
Career Connection
Specialization is key for securing roles in specific practice areas within top law firms or in niche legal sectors in India.
Advanced Stage
Network Strategically and Build Professional Relationships- (Semester 6-8)
Attend legal conferences, seminars, and alumni events. Connect with legal professionals, judges, and senior advocates. Leverage these relationships for mentorship and future career opportunities.
Tools & Resources
Professional events, Alumni network, LinkedIn
Career Connection
Crucial for job referrals, mentorship, and building a sustainable career in the closely-knit Indian legal fraternity.
Focus on Advanced Legal Drafting and Transactional Skills- (Semester 6-8)
Engage in advanced drafting exercises beyond academic requirements, focusing on contracts, agreements, and pleadings used in corporate and litigation practice. Participate in transactional law competitions.
Tools & Resources
Legal clinics, Specialized workshops, Pro-bono work
Career Connection
Directly prepares for roles in corporate law, real estate, and sophisticated litigation, where precise drafting is paramount.
Prepare Rigorously for Placements or Higher Studies- (Semester 6-8)
Actively engage with the placement cell, prepare comprehensive resumes, practice interview skills, and take preparatory classes for competitive exams (Judiciary, UPSC) or entrance exams for LL.M. programs.
Tools & Resources
Placement Cell, Career counselors, Mock interviews, CLAT PG/other entrance exam guides
Career Connection
Maximizes chances of securing desired placements in top legal organizations or gaining admission to prestigious higher education programs.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- Passed Higher Secondary Examination (10+2) or equivalent with not less than 45% marks in aggregate (40% for SC/ST candidates) from any recognized Board/University and qualified the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT).
Duration: 5 years / 10 semesters
Credits: 200 Credits
Assessment: Internal: 30%, External: 70%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 101 | Law and Language | Core | 4 | Communication in Law, Legal Terminology, Reading Legal Texts, Argumentation Skills, Principles of Language |
| BAL 102 | Political Science-I (Political Theory) | Core | 4 | Theories of State, Justice, Liberty, Equality, Rights, Democracy, Political Ideologies |
| BAL 103 | Economics-I (Principles of Microeconomics) | Core | 4 | Demand and Supply, Consumer Behavior, Production and Costs, Market Structures, Economic Welfare |
| BAL 104 | Sociology-I (Introduction to Sociology) | Core | 4 | Sociological Imagination, Social Institutions, Culture and Society, Social Stratification, Social Change |
| BAL 105 | Law of Torts and Consumer Protection | Core | 4 | Principles of Tortious Liability, Specific Torts (e.g., Nuisance, Defamation), Defences to Torts, Consumer Protection Act, Product Liability |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 201 | Law and Logic | Core | 4 | Reasoning in Law, Syllogisms and Deductive Reasoning, Inductive Reasoning, Fallacies in Argumentation, Legal Argumentation |
| BAL 202 | Political Science-II (International Relations) | Core | 4 | Theories of International Relations, International Law and Organizations, Global Actors (States, NGOs), Conflict and Cooperation, Diplomacy and Foreign Policy |
| BAL 203 | Economics-II (Principles of Macroeconomics) | Core | 4 | National Income Accounting, Inflation and Unemployment, Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, International Trade and Finance |
| BAL 204 | History-I (Ancient and Medieval Indian History) | Core | 4 | Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Age and Early States, Mauryan and Gupta Empires, Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire and Decline |
| BAL 205 | Contract Law-I (General Principles of Contract) | Core | 4 | Formation of Contract (Offer, Acceptance), Consideration, Capacity of Parties, Free Consent, Legality of Object and Agreement, Discharge of Contract |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 301 | Law and Literature | Core | 4 | Literary Representations of Law, Justice in Fictional Narratives, Legal Themes in Classic Literature, Narrative and Legal Discourse, Law as a Literary Subject |
| BAL 302 | Political Science-III (Public Administration) | Core | 4 | Principles of Public Administration, Bureaucracy and Governance, Policy Making and Implementation, Public Accountability, E-governance |
| BAL 303 | History-II (Modern Indian History) | Core | 4 | Colonialism and British Rule, Indian Nationalist Movement, Constitutional Developments in India, Partition of India, Post-Independence India |
| BAL 304 | Contract Law-II (Specific Contracts) | Core | 4 | Indemnity and Guarantee, Bailment and Pledge, Agency, Sale of Goods Act, Partnership Act, Negotiable Instruments Act |
| BAL 305 | Constitutional Law-I (Constitutional History and Features) | Core | 4 | Making of Indian Constitution, Salient Features of the Constitution, Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 401 | Law and Ethics | Core | 4 | Ethical Theories, Professional Ethics, Legal Ethics, Morality and Law, Justice and Fairness |
| BAL 402 | Political Science-IV (Indian Government and Politics) | Core | 4 | Indian Political System, Legislature, Executive, Judiciary, Federalism in India, Electoral Process, Political Parties and Pressure Groups |
| BAL 403 | Sociology-II (Indian Society) | Core | 4 | Social Structure of India, Caste System, Religion and Society, Family and Kinship, Rural and Urban Society |
| BAL 404 | Criminal Law-I (General Principles of Criminal Law) | Core | 4 | Elements of Crime (Mens Rea, Actus Reus), Stages of Crime, General Defences, Punishments, Jurisdiction in Criminal Matters |
| BAL 405 | Constitutional Law-II (Organs of Government & Federalism) | Core | 4 | Parliament, President, Prime Minister, Supreme Court and High Courts, Centre-State Relations, Emergency Provisions, Amendment of the Constitution |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 501 | Environmental Studies | Core | 4 | Ecosystems and Biodiversity, Environmental Pollution, Environmental Impact Assessment, Sustainable Development, Climate Change and Legal Framework |
| BAL 502 | Criminal Law-II (Specific Offences) | Core | 4 | Offences Against Human Body (e.g., Murder, Hurt), Offences Against Property (e.g., Theft, Robbery), Offences Relating to Marriage, Cyber Crimes, Offences Against the State |
| BAL 503 | Family Law-I (Hindu Law) | Core | 4 | Sources of Hindu Law, Hindu Marriage Act, Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, Hindu Succession Act, Joint Family and Coparcenary |
| BAL 504 | Administrative Law | Core | 4 | Growth of Administrative Law, Delegated Legislation, Administrative Discretion, Principles of Natural Justice, Judicial Review of Administrative Action |
| BAL 505 | International Law | Core | 4 | Sources of International Law, State Recognition and Jurisdiction, Law of Treaties, United Nations and its Organs, International Disputes Settlement |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 601 | Family Law-II (Muslim Law and Other Personal Laws) | Core | 4 | Sources of Muslim Law, Muslim Marriage (Nikah) and Talaq, Dower (Mahr) and Maintenance, Wakfs, Indian Succession Act, Special Marriage Act |
| BAL 602 | Property Law | Core | 4 | Transfer of Property Act (Sale, Mortgage), Lease and Gift, Easements, Trusts and Fiduciary Obligations, Intellectual Property Rights (Introduction) |
| BAL 603 | Company Law | Core | 4 | Formation of Companies, Share Capital and Debentures, Directors and Management, Company Meetings, Corporate Governance, Winding Up of Companies |
| BAL 604 | Labour Law-I (Industrial Relations) | Core | 4 | Trade Unions Act, Industrial Disputes Act, Collective Bargaining, Strikes and Lockouts, Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act |
| BAL 605 | Law of Evidence | Core | 4 | Relevancy of Facts, Admissions and Confessions, Dying Declaration, Witness Examination, Burden of Proof, Estoppel |
Semester 7
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 701 | Civil Procedure Code-I (General Principles) | Core | 4 | Jurisdiction of Courts, Res Sub Judice and Res Judicata, Parties to Suit, Pleadings (Plaint and Written Statement), Summons, Appearance of Parties, Judgments and Decrees |
| BAL 702 | Labour Law-II (Social Security and Wages) | Core | 4 | Factories Act, Employee''''s Compensation Act, Employees'''' State Insurance Act, Employees'''' Provident Funds Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act |
| BAL 703 | Human Rights Law | Core | 4 | Concept of Human Rights, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenants (ICCPR, ICESCR), National Human Rights Commission, International Humanitarian Law |
| BAL 704 | Investment and Competition Law | Core | 4 | Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), Depositories Act, Competition Act, 2002, Anti-Competitive Agreements, Abuse of Dominant Position |
| BAL 705 | Cyber Law (Honours Paper-I Elective) | Elective | 4 | Information Technology Act, 2000, Digital Signatures and Electronic Governance, Cyber Crimes and Punishments, E-commerce Legal Framework, Data Protection and Privacy, Intellectual Property in Cyberspace |
Semester 8
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 801 | Civil Procedure Code-II (Execution and Appeals) | Core | 4 | Execution of Decrees and Orders, Appeals (First and Second Appeal), Review, Revision, and Reference, Injunctions and Interim Orders, Arrest and Attachment before Judgment |
| BAL 802 | Criminal Procedure Code-I (Investigation & Trial) | Core | 4 | Investigation (FIR, Police Powers), Arrest, Search, and Seizure, Bail Provisions, Framing of Charge, Stages of Criminal Trial, Summons and Warrant Cases |
| BAL 803 | Land Laws | Core | 4 | Land Tenures and Reforms, Land Acquisition Act, 2013, West Bengal Land Reforms Act, Urban Land Ceiling and Regulation Act, Registration Act (relevant provisions) |
| BAL 804 | Intellectual Property Rights (Honours Paper-II Elective) | Elective | 4 | Copyright Law, Patent Law, Trademark Law, Industrial Designs Act, Geographical Indications, Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Layout-Design Act |
| BAL 805 | Law and Governance | Core | 4 | Concept of Good Governance, Rule of Law, Transparency and Accountability, Lokpal and Lokayukta, Right to Information Act, Citizen Charters |
Semester 9
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 901 | Criminal Procedure Code-II (Appeals & Revision) | Core | 4 | Appeals and Revision, Reference and Transfer of Cases, Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, Probation of Offenders Act, Plea Bargaining |
| BAL 902 | Professional Ethics and Accountancy | Core | 4 | Advocacy and Professional Ethics, Bar Council of India Rules, Contempt of Courts Act, Professional Misconduct, Accountancy for Lawyers (Basic Principles) |
| BAL 903 | Alternative Dispute Resolution | Core | 4 | Arbitration and Conciliation Act, Mediation and Negotiation, Lok Adalats, Family Courts, Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) |
| BAL 904 | Mergers and Acquisitions (Honours Paper-III Elective) | Elective | 4 | Types of Mergers and Acquisitions, Due Diligence Process, Valuation Methodologies, Regulatory Framework (SEBI, Competition Act), Cross-border M&A |
| BAL 905 | Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing (Clinical Paper-I) | Clinical | 4 | Principles of Drafting, Pleading (Plaint, Written Statement, Petition), Affidavits, Conveyancing (Sale Deed, Mortgage Deed), Will and Gift Deed |
Semester 10
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAL 1001 | Interpretation of Statutes | Core | 4 | Rules of Interpretation (Literal, Mischief), Internal and External Aids to Interpretation, Presumptions in Statutory Interpretation, Constitutional Interpretation, Interpretation of Delegated Legislation |
| BAL 1002 | Taxation Law (Honours Paper-IV Elective) | Elective | 4 | Income Tax Act, 1961, Goods and Services Tax (GST), Direct and Indirect Taxes, Tax Planning and Avoidance, Tax Administration and Authorities |
| BAL 1003 | Moot Court Exercise and Internship (Clinical Paper-II) | Clinical | 4 | Moot Court Participation, Memorial Drafting, Oral Argumentation Skills, Client Counseling, Internship Report and Presentation |
| BAL 1004 | Legal Aid and Para-Legal Services (Clinical Paper-III) | Clinical | 4 | Legal Aid Schemes in India, Rights of Vulnerable Groups, Public Interest Litigation, Role of Para-Legals, Legal Literacy and Awareness |
| BAL 1005 | Research Project (Clinical Paper-IV) | Clinical | 4 | Legal Research Methodology, Literature Review, Data Collection and Analysis, Report Writing and Formatting, Research Presentation Skills |
