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BA in Economics at Bharatiya Mahavidyalaya
Auraiya, Uttar Pradesh
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About the Specialization
What is Economics at Bharatiya Mahavidyalaya Auraiya?
This Economics specialization program at Bharatiya Mahavidyalaya focuses on equipping students with a robust understanding of economic principles, theories, and their application to real-world challenges. Emphasizing both micro and macroeconomic aspects, the curriculum delves into Indian economic policy, statistical methods, and international trade. It prepares graduates for analytical roles in a dynamic Indian economy, fostering critical thinking and quantitative skills vital for policy analysis and business strategy.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for 10+2 graduates with an analytical mindset and a keen interest in understanding societal and global economic issues. It caters to students aspiring for careers in research, government services, banking, and finance. Working professionals seeking to enhance their economic analysis skills or career changers transitioning into economic policy or development roles will also find this program highly beneficial.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect diverse career paths in India''''s growing economy, including roles as economic analysts, data scientists, policy researchers, or financial consultants. Entry-level salaries typically range from INR 3-6 lakhs per annum, with experienced professionals earning significantly more. The program also lays a strong foundation for postgraduate studies in Economics, MBA programs, or competitive exams for civil services and banking.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Build Strong Conceptual Foundations- (Semester 1-2)
Focus intently on mastering core Micro and Macroeconomics concepts. Regularly review lecture notes, attempt practice problems, and understand the real-world implications of economic theories. This solid groundwork is crucial for advanced studies and analytical roles.
Tools & Resources
NCERT Economics books (Class XI/XII), Khan Academy Economics modules, Reference textbooks like H.L. Ahuja
Career Connection
A clear understanding of fundamentals is critical for cracking entry-level competitive exams and interviews for roles in government and banking.
Develop Quantitative and Data Interpretation Skills- (Semester 1-2)
Pay close attention to statistical methods and practical sessions. Practice data collection, representation, and basic analysis using tools like MS Excel. Understanding charts, graphs, and simple statistical measures is vital for economic analysis.
Tools & Resources
MS Excel tutorials, Syllabus-prescribed statistics textbooks, Online practice sets for data interpretation
Career Connection
These skills are highly sought after in roles like junior economic analysts, market researchers, and data entry specialists.
Engage in Economic Current Affairs- (Semester 1-2)
Stay updated with contemporary Indian and global economic news. Read reputable financial newspapers and magazines, and discuss current events in class. This broadens your perspective and connects theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios.
Tools & Resources
The Economic Times, Livemint, RBI Monthly Bulletin, Financial Express
Career Connection
Knowledge of current affairs is essential for general awareness sections in competitive exams and for informed discussions in interviews for policy and finance roles.
Intermediate Stage
Deep Dive into Indian Economic Policy- (Semester 3-4)
Focus on papers like ''''Indian Economy'''' and ''''Public Finance''''. Analyze government budgets, economic surveys, and policy reports. Understand the impact of various economic reforms and government initiatives on different sectors of the Indian economy.
Tools & Resources
Economic Survey of India (annual), Union Budget documents, NITI Aayog reports, RBI publications
Career Connection
Crucial for roles in public sector banks, government ministries, policy think tanks, and preparing for UPSC/state PCS exams.
Participate in Economic Debates and Seminars- (Semester 3-4)
Actively engage in classroom discussions, present on economic topics, and attend departmental seminars or webinars. This enhances your communication skills, ability to articulate complex ideas, and critical thinking from diverse perspectives.
Tools & Resources
College debate clubs, Guest lectures by economists, Online forums for economic discussions
Career Connection
Improves soft skills essential for leadership, advocacy, and effective communication in any professional setting, especially in research and consulting.
Explore Practical Applications through Internships- (Semester 3-4)
Seek short-term internships or volunteer opportunities with local NGOs, small businesses, or research centers. Even basic roles in data collection or market surveys can provide invaluable practical exposure to economic principles at work.
Tools & Resources
College placement cell, Online internship platforms (Internshala), Local industry contacts
Career Connection
Gaining practical experience sets you apart in the job market and helps identify specific career interests before graduation, improving placement chances.
Advanced Stage
Undertake a Comprehensive Research Project/Dissertation- (Semester 5-6)
Choose a topic of genuine interest for your final semester project. Dedicate time to thorough literature review, data collection, rigorous analysis, and academic writing. This demonstrates independent research capability and specialized knowledge.
Tools & Resources
Academic journals (JSTOR, ResearchGate), Statistical software (R, Python basics, SPSS), University library resources, Faculty mentorship
Career Connection
A strong project serves as a portfolio piece for higher studies and showcases research and analytical abilities to potential employers in research and development roles.
Prepare for Post-Graduation Pathways- (Semester 5-6)
Start preparing for competitive exams (UPSC, RBI Grade B, SSC CGL), MBA entrance tests (CAT, XAT), or specific university entrance exams for MA Economics. Tailor your study plan based on your career aspirations and seek guidance from faculty or alumni.
Tools & Resources
Online test preparation platforms, Previous year question papers, Career counseling services, Alumni network
Career Connection
Strategic preparation ensures a smooth transition to desired higher education or high-demand job roles, improving career trajectory and earning potential.
Network and Attend Industry Events- (Semester 5-6)
Connect with alumni, industry professionals, and economists through LinkedIn, college events, or industry-specific conferences (even virtual ones). Networking can open doors to mentorship, internships, and potential job opportunities in economics-related fields.
Tools & Resources
LinkedIn, Professional economic associations (e.g., Indian Economic Association), University alumni portal
Career Connection
Building a professional network is invaluable for career guidance, identifying hidden job markets, and gaining insights into industry trends, significantly aiding placements.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- 10+2 (Intermediate) in any stream from a recognized board
Duration: 3 years / 6 semesters
Credits: 132 Credits
Assessment: Internal: 25%, External: 75%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A010101T | Micro Economics | Major Core Theory | 4 | Nature and Scope of Economics, Demand and Supply Analysis, Consumer Behavior Theories, Production and Cost Analysis, Market Structures and Pricing |
| A010101P | Micro Economics (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Economic Data Collection, Diagrammatic Representation of Concepts, Basic Statistical Calculations for Demand/Supply, Market Equilibrium Analysis, Case Study on Firm Behavior |
| A010001C | Food, Nutrition & Hygiene | Co-curricular | 2 | Balanced Diet and Nutrients, Malnutrition and Deficiency Diseases, Foodborne Diseases and Safety, Personal and Community Hygiene, Public Health Initiatives |
| A010002C | Indian Culture & National Movement | Compulsory | 2 | Ancient Indian Civilization, Medieval Indian Dynasties, Socio-Religious Reform Movements, Rise of Nationalism, Gandhian Era and Independence |
| V010101 | Digital Marketing | Vocational | 2 | Introduction to Digital Marketing, Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Social Media Marketing, Content Marketing, Email Marketing Basics |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A020101T | Macro Economics | Major Core Theory | 4 | National Income Accounting, Theories of Employment (Classical & Keynesian), Consumption and Investment Functions, Money Demand and Supply, Inflation and Business Cycles |
| A020101P | Macro Economics (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | National Income Estimation Methods, Inflation Measurement and Indices, Monetary Policy Tools Analysis, Fiscal Policy Impact Assessment, Data Analysis on Economic Growth |
| A020001C | First Aid & Health | Co-curricular | 2 | Basic First Aid Principles, Handling Common Injuries, Emergency Medical Procedures, Preventive Healthcare, Lifestyle Diseases and Management |
| A020002C | Environmental Studies | Compulsory | 2 | Ecosystems and Biodiversity, Natural Resources and Their Management, Environmental Pollution and Control, Climate Change and Global Warming, Environmental Ethics and Legislation |
| V020101 | Retail Management | Vocational | 2 | Introduction to Retailing, Retail Formats and Types, Merchandise Management, Store Operations, Customer Service in Retail |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A030101T | Indian Economy | Major Core Theory | 4 | Features of Indian Economy, Economic Planning and Reforms, Agriculture Sector in India, Industrial and Services Sector Development, Poverty, Inequality, and Unemployment |
| A030101P | Indian Economy (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Analysis of Indian Economic Data, Sectoral Contribution to GDP, Impact Assessment of Economic Policies, Demographic Trends in India, Case Studies on Indian Development |
| A030102T | Statistical Methods for Economics | Major Core Theory | 4 | Measures of Central Tendency, Measures of Dispersion and Skewness, Correlation and Regression Analysis, Index Numbers and Time Series, Probability and Sampling Methods |
| A030102P | Statistical Methods for Economics (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Data Organization and Presentation, Calculation of Statistical Measures, Interpretation of Correlation Coefficients, Constructing Index Numbers, Using Statistical Software (e.g., Excel) for analysis |
| A030001C | Personality Development & Communication Skills | Co-curricular | 2 | Self-Awareness and Goal Setting, Verbal and Non-verbal Communication, Interpersonal Skills, Presentation Techniques, Conflict Resolution |
| V030101 | Financial Literacy | Vocational | 2 | Basics of Personal Finance, Saving and Investment Options, Understanding Banking Services, Insurance and Risk Management, Digital Payments and Cybersecurity |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A040101T | Public Finance | Major Core Theory | 4 | Role of Government in Economy, Public Expenditure Theories and Growth, Sources of Public Revenue (Taxation), Public Debt and Fiscal Policy, Fiscal Federalism and Budgeting |
| A040101P | Public Finance (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Government Budget Analysis, Impact of Taxation on Economy, Public Debt Management Strategies, Fiscal Policy Effectiveness Evaluation, Revenue and Expenditure Trends Analysis |
| A040102T | Money, Banking & Financial Markets | Major Core Theory | 4 | Functions and Theories of Money, Commercial Banks and Their Role, Central Banking (RBI) and Monetary Policy, Money Market and Capital Market, Financial Institutions and Regulations |
| A040102P | Money, Banking & Financial Markets (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Analysis of Banking Operations, RBI Functions and Monetary Policy Tools, Stock Market Indices and Performance, Evaluation of Investment Products, Understanding Financial Scams |
| A040001C | Analytical Ability & Digital Awareness | Co-curricular | 2 | Logical Reasoning, Data Interpretation, Problem-Solving Techniques, Cybersecurity Essentials, Digital Tools for Productivity |
| V040101 | Entrepreneurship Development | Vocational | 2 | Concept of Entrepreneurship, Business Idea Generation, Business Plan Development, Sources of Funding, Challenges and Success Factors |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A050101T | Development Economics | Major Core Theory | 4 | Economic Growth vs. Development, Theories of Economic Development, Poverty, Inequality, and Human Capital, Population Growth and Demographic Transition, Role of State and Market in Development |
| A050101P | Development Economics (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Measurement of Development Indicators, Analysis of Poverty and Inequality Data, Human Development Index Calculation, Case Studies on Developing Economies, Policy Evaluation for Development |
| A050102T | International Economics | Major Core Theory | 4 | Theories of International Trade, Terms of Trade and Trade Barriers, Balance of Payments Components, Foreign Exchange Markets and Exchange Rates, International Economic Organizations (WTO, IMF) |
| A050102P | International Economics (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Analysis of International Trade Data, Exchange Rate Calculation and Impact, Balance of Payments Accounts Interpretation, Trade Policy Evaluation, Case Studies on Global Trade Issues |
| A050201T | Environmental Economics | Discipline Specific Elective (DSE-1) Theory | 4 | Environment-Economy Linkages, Resource Scarcity and Sustainability, Environmental Pollution and Externalities, Environmental Valuation Methods, Environmental Policy and Regulations |
| A050201P | Environmental Economics (Practical) | Discipline Specific Elective (DSE-1) Practical | 2 | Environmental Cost-Benefit Analysis, Pollution Abatement Strategies, Case Studies on Environmental Conflicts, Sustainability Indicators Analysis, Project on Local Environmental Issues |
| V050101 | Data Analytics using MS Excel | Vocational | 2 | Introduction to Excel for Data, Data Cleaning and Formatting, Formulas and Functions, Data Visualization with Charts, Basic Statistical Analysis in Excel |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A060101T | Quantitative Techniques for Economic Analysis | Major Core Theory | 4 | Differentiation and Integration in Economics, Matrix Algebra for Economic Models, Linear Programming Basics, Game Theory Fundamentals, Input-Output Analysis |
| A060101P | Quantitative Techniques for Economic Analysis (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Solving Economic Optimization Problems, Applying Matrix Algebra to Economic Data, Formulating and Solving LP Problems, Game Theory Applications, Statistical Software for Regression Analysis |
| A060102T | History of Economic Thought | Major Core Theory | 4 | Mercantilism and Physiocracy, Classical School (Smith, Ricardo, Malthus), Marxian Economics, Neoclassical Economics (Marshall, Walras), Keynesian Revolution and Post-Keynesian Thought |
| A060102P | History of Economic Thought (Practical) | Major Core Practical | 2 | Analysis of Classic Economic Texts, Historical Context of Economic Theories, Critiques of Different Schools of Thought, Impact of Economic Ideas on Policy, Debates in Economic History |
| A060201T | Agricultural Economics | Discipline Specific Elective (DSE-2) Theory | 4 | Role of Agriculture in Indian Economy, Land Reforms and Green Revolution, Agricultural Finance and Marketing, Food Security and Public Distribution System, Rural Development Schemes |
| A060201P | Agricultural Economics (Practical) | Discipline Specific Elective (DSE-2) Practical | 2 | Analysis of Agricultural Production Data, Impact of Agricultural Policies, Farm Management Case Studies, Rural Survey and Data Collection, Project on Food Security Issues |
| P060301P | Project / Dissertation | Project | 4 | Research Problem Formulation, Literature Review and Methodology, Data Collection and Analysis, Report Writing and Presentation, Ethical Considerations in Research |
| V060101 | E-commerce and Online Business | Vocational | 2 | Introduction to E-commerce, E-commerce Business Models, Online Payment Systems, Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Legal Aspects of E-commerce |
