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B-A in Geography at Saint Girdhar College
Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh
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About the Specialization
What is Geography at Saint Girdhar College Vidisha?
This Geography program at Saint Girdhar College, affiliated with Barkatullah University, focuses on a comprehensive understanding of Earth''''s physical and human phenomena. It integrates traditional geographical concepts with modern techniques like GIS and Remote Sensing. In the Indian context, this specialization is crucial for understanding diverse landscapes, environmental challenges, resource management, and regional development, addressing the growing demand for skilled professionals in urban planning, disaster management, and environmental conservation.
Who Should Apply?
This program is ideal for fresh 10+2 graduates with an interest in environmental science, social studies, and earth sciences. It suits individuals keen on understanding human-environment interactions, spatial analysis, and fieldwork. It also benefits those aspiring to careers in government services, NGOs, or academia, offering a strong foundational degree for various analytical and research-oriented roles.
Why Choose This Course?
Graduates of this program can expect diverse career paths in India, including roles as urban planners, environmental consultants, GIS analysts, demographers, and disaster management specialists. Entry-level salaries typically range from INR 2.5 Lakhs to 4.5 Lakhs per annum, with significant growth trajectories in government sectors, environmental agencies, and mapping companies. The program also prepares students for competitive exams like UPSC and state PSCs, and for postgraduate studies.
Student Success Practices
Foundation Stage
Master Core Geographical Concepts- (Semester 1-2)
Focus on building a strong foundation in physical and human geography fundamentals. Regularly review lecture notes, use textbooks, and seek clarification from professors. Form study groups to discuss complex topics like geomorphology and climatology, strengthening conceptual understanding and academic excellence.
Tools & Resources
NCERT Geography textbooks (Class XI-XII), Standard university textbooks, Online lectures (NPTEL, Swayam), Peer study groups
Career Connection
A solid conceptual base is crucial for competitive exams (UPSC, PSC) and for excelling in advanced subjects, laying the groundwork for a successful career in academia or research.
Develop Practical Skills in Mapping & Surveying- (Semester 1-2)
Actively participate in all practical sessions for map reading, projections, and basic surveying. Practice drawing and interpretation of different map types. Seek opportunities for local fieldwork or small-scale surveys to apply theoretical knowledge, enhancing early skill building.
Tools & Resources
Drawing instruments, Surveying equipment (as available in college lab), Topographical maps of India (Survey of India), GIS software tutorials (QGIS basic), Local field trips
Career Connection
Proficiency in cartography and basic surveying is directly applicable to jobs in urban planning, land records, and resource mapping, making graduates immediately valuable to employers.
Cultivate Interdisciplinary Thinking- (Semester 1-2)
Engage with foundation and open elective courses beyond core geography, such as Environmental Studies or Disaster Management. Understand how geography interacts with other disciplines like economics and sociology. Read current affairs related to geography in India to develop a broad perspective.
Tools & Resources
Newspapers (The Hindu, Indian Express), Magazines (Down To Earth), Documentaries on environment and development, Interdisciplinary seminars
Career Connection
An interdisciplinary perspective broadens career options, particularly in fields like environmental consultancy, policy analysis, and sustainable development, which require a holistic view.
Intermediate Stage
Gain Expertise in GIS and Remote Sensing- (Semester 3-5)
Beyond classroom learning, dedicate extra time to self-learn and practice with GIS software (like QGIS, ArcGIS). Work on small projects involving spatial data analysis, thematic mapping, and image interpretation to apply knowledge practically and specialize skills.
Tools & Resources
QGIS (free and open-source software), Google Earth Engine, ISRO''''s NICES data portal, Udemy/Coursera courses on GIS/RS
Career Connection
GIS and Remote Sensing are high-demand skills in India for urban planning, disaster management, agriculture, and environmental monitoring, significantly enhancing employability in both government and private sectors.
Undertake Mini-Research Projects- (Semester 3-5)
Collaborate with peers or faculty on short research projects focusing on local geographical issues, such as urban growth or water scarcity. This builds research methodology skills and critical thinking, preparing for the final year project and offering early industry exposure.
Tools & Resources
College library resources, Online research databases (JSTOR, ResearchGate), Statistical software (Excel, R basics), Faculty mentorship
Career Connection
Research experience is invaluable for postgraduate studies, research assistant roles, and positions in policy think tanks or NGOs, showcasing analytical and problem-solving abilities.
Network and Attend Workshops- (Semester 3-5)
Seek opportunities to attend geography-related workshops, seminars, or conferences, even online. Engage with guest speakers, alumni, and professionals from relevant fields. Join professional geographical societies or student clubs to build a strong network.
Tools & Resources
LinkedIn, Professional geographical associations in India (e.g., NAGI), University departmental events, Online webinar platforms
Career Connection
Networking opens doors to internships, mentorships, and direct job opportunities, providing insights into industry trends and helping in career guidance and placements.
Advanced Stage
Focus on Dissertation/Internship for Industry Readiness- (Semester 5-6)
Choose a dissertation topic or internship relevant to your specific career aspirations (e.g., urban planning, environmental assessment, data analysis). Invest significant effort in producing high-quality work, applying all learned skills, and seeking regular feedback from your mentor for placement preparation.
Tools & Resources
Specialized software for chosen field (e.g., AutoCAD for urban planning, R for statistics), Government departments (e.g., Town & Country Planning), Environmental NGOs, Industry mentors
Career Connection
A strong final project or internship directly demonstrates practical skills and industry readiness, often leading to pre-placement offers or preferential hiring in the chosen domain.
Prepare for Competitive Examinations- (Semester 5-6)
Alongside academics, systematically prepare for UPSC Civil Services, State PSCs, or other government recruitment exams that heavily feature Geography. Practice essay writing, current affairs, and objective questions, correlating syllabus topics with exam patterns for career planning.
Tools & Resources
Previous year question papers (UPSC, PSC), Current affairs magazines (Yojana, Kurukshetra), Online test series, Coaching institute materials (if opted)
Career Connection
Many geography graduates in India pursue government jobs. Dedicated preparation from the advanced stage significantly increases chances of securing prestigious positions in public administration and civil services.
Develop Advanced Data Analysis & Visualization- (Semester 5-6)
Enhance skills in statistical analysis and advanced data visualization techniques, especially for spatial data. Learn to present complex geographical information clearly and effectively, using various software and tools, crucial for reports and presentations and advanced specialization.
Tools & Resources
R/Python for statistical programming, Tableau/Power BI for data visualization, GIS software for advanced mapping, Geographical data portals (e.g., Census of India, IMD)
Career Connection
Strong analytical and visualization skills are highly valued in research, data science, market research, and consultancy roles, enabling graduates to interpret and communicate complex geographical insights effectively.
Program Structure and Curriculum
Eligibility:
- 10+2 (Higher Secondary) pass from a recognized board.
Duration: 3 years / 6 semesters
Credits: Approximately 104 credits (for a Major in Geography, considering all core, vocational, open elective, and foundation courses as per NEP guidelines) Credits
Assessment: Internal: 30%, External: 70%
Semester-wise Curriculum Table
Semester 1
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GEOG-DSC101T | Fundamentals of Physical Geography | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Geomorphology: Origin of Earth, Rocks, Folds, Faults, Plate Tectonics, Climatology: Atmosphere, Insolation, Temperature, Pressure, Winds, Cyclones, Climatic Classifications, Oceanography: Ocean Floor, Salinity, Ocean Currents, Tides, Coral Reefs, Biogeography: Ecosystem, Biomes, Soil, Forests, Wildlife |
| GEOG-DSC101P | Geography Practical I | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Practical) | 2 | Maps: Scales, Types of Maps, Topographical Maps, Map Projections: Conical, Cylindrical, Zenithal, Surveying: Chain Survey, Plane Table Survey, Weather Instruments and Data Representation |
| GEOG-OE101T | Environmental Geography | Open Elective (Theory) | 4 | Environment & Ecology: Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Pollution, Environmental Problems: Global Warming, Acid Rain, Deforestation, Resource Management: Land, Water, Mineral Resources, Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development |
| VOC-T&TM101T | Tourism and Travel Management | Vocational Course (Theory & Practical) | 4 | Concepts and Types of Tourism, Tourist Resources and Attractions, Impacts of Tourism: Economic, Socio-cultural, Environmental, Travel Agency and Tour Operations, Air Ticketing, Tourism Marketing and Promotion |
| FC1 | Hindi Language & Ethics | Foundation Course | 2 | General Hindi Grammar and Vocabulary, Indian Culture and Ethical Values, Communication Skills in Hindi, Essay Writing and Comprehension |
| FC2 | English Language & Communication Skills | Foundation Course | 2 | Basic English Grammar and Usage, Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Building, Spoken English and Presentation Skills, Writing Skills: Paragraph, Letter, Report |
Semester 2
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GEOG-DSC201T | Human Geography | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Nature and Scope of Human Geography, Approaches, World Population: Distribution, Growth, Density, Migration, Rural and Urban Settlements: Types, Patterns, Functions, Economic Activities: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary, Cultural Geography: Race, Religion, Language, Culture Regions |
| GEOG-DSC201P | Geography Practical II | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Practical) | 2 | Statistical Methods: Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Data Representation: Graphs, Diagrams (Bar, Pie, Line), Thematic Maps: Choropleth, Isopleth, Dot Maps, Introduction to GIS: Concepts, Components, Applications |
| GEOG-OE201T | Regional Planning and Development | Open Elective (Theory) | 4 | Concept of Region and Regionalization, Approaches to Regional Planning: Sectoral, Integrated, Theories of Development and Underdevelopment, Regional Imbalances and Disparities in India, Sustainable Development Goals and Indicators |
| VOC-DM201T | Disaster Management | Vocational Course (Theory & Practical) | 4 | Concepts of Disaster, Hazards, Vulnerability, Risk, Types of Disasters: Natural (Earthquake, Flood, Drought), Man-made, Disaster Mitigation and Preparedness Strategies, Disaster Management Cycle: Response, Recovery, Rehabilitation, Case Studies of Major Disasters in India |
| FC3 | Entrepreneurship Development | Foundation Course | 2 | Concept and Qualities of an Entrepreneur, Process of Entrepreneurship: Idea Generation, Business Plan, Small Scale Industries and Government Policies, Marketing and Finance for Start-ups |
| FC4 | Personality Development & Holistic Education | Foundation Course | 2 | Self-Awareness and Self-Management, Communication and Interpersonal Skills, Time Management and Goal Setting, Stress Management and Emotional Intelligence, Holistic Health and Well-being |
Semester 3
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GEOG-DSC301T | Geography of India | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Physiographic Divisions, Drainage System, Climate of India, Soils, Natural Vegetation, Biodiversity Hotspots, Water Resources, Mineral and Power Resources, Agriculture: Major Crops, Green Revolution, Agricultural Regions, Industries: Location Factors, Major Industrial Regions, Transport Network |
| GEOG-DSC301P | Geography Practical III | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Practical) | 2 | Advanced Surveying: Prismatic Compass, Dumpy Level, Weather Maps: Interpretation of Indian Daily Weather Maps, Cartographic Techniques: Profiles, Block Diagrams, Introduction to GIS Software: Data Input, Basic Operations |
| GEOG-OE301T | Rural Settlements | Open Elective (Theory) | 4 | Origin and Evolution of Rural Settlements, Types and Patterns of Rural Settlements, Rural Housing and Infrastructure, Rural-Urban Fringe and its Dynamics, Rural Development Programs and Policies in India |
| VOC-RS&GIS301T | Remote Sensing & GIS | Vocational Course (Theory & Practical) | 4 | Remote Sensing: Principles, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Platforms, Sensors, Image Interpretation: Visual and Digital Techniques, GIS: Data Models (Vector, Raster), Spatial Data Input and Output, Spatial Analysis: Overlay, Buffer, Network Analysis, Global Positioning System (GPS) Principles and Applications |
| FC5 | Yoga and Meditation | Foundation Course | 2 | Introduction to Yoga and its Philosophy, Asanas and Pranayama Techniques, Meditation Practices for Mental Well-being, Benefits of Yoga for Physical and Mental Health, Yoga in Daily Life |
| FC6 | Digital Awareness | Foundation Course | 2 | Basics of Computer and Internet, Digital Communication: Email, Social Media, Cyber Security and Digital Ethics, Online Learning and Digital Resources, E-governance and Digital India Initiatives |
Semester 4
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GEOG-DSC401T | Geographical Thought | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Nature and Scope of Geography, Branches of Geography, Dualisms and Dichotomies in Geography, Contributions of Greek, Roman, Arab, and Indian Geographers, Modern Geographical Thought: Regional, Systematic, Quantitative Revolution, Radical, Behavioral, Humanistic Approaches in Geography |
| GEOG-DSC401P | Geography Practical IV | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Practical) | 2 | Cartographic Techniques: Graticules, Lettering, Symbolization, Profiles: Serial, Superimposed, Longitudinal, Cross-sectional, Block Diagrams: Construction and Interpretation, Practical Application of GIS for Thematic Mapping |
| GEOG-OE401T | Urban Geography | Open Elective (Theory) | 4 | Urbanization: Trends, Causes, Consequences, Problems, Origin and Classification of Urban Settlements, Urban Morphology: Land Use, CBD, Residential Patterns, Urban Hierarchies and City Systems, Urban Planning and Smart City Concepts in India |
| VOC-M&C401T | Meteorology & Climatology | Vocational Course (Theory & Practical) | 4 | Structure and Composition of Atmosphere, Weather Elements: Temperature, Pressure, Humidity, Precipitation, Atmospheric Circulation: Winds, Cyclones, Anticyclones, Indian Monsoon: Mechanism, Characteristics, Variations, Climate Change: Causes, Impacts, Mitigation Strategies |
| FC7 | Environmental Studies | Foundation Course | 2 | Components of Environment: Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere, Biosphere, Environmental Pollution: Air, Water, Soil, Noise, Biodiversity Conservation and Wildlife Protection, Environmental Ethics and Sustainable Development, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) |
| FC8 | Women''''s Health and Hygiene | Foundation Course | 2 | Physiological Aspects of Women''''s Health, Reproductive Health and Family Planning, Nutrition and Lifestyle for Women, Common Health Issues and Preventive Measures, Hygiene Practices for Girls and Women |
Semester 5
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GEOG-DSC501T | Economic Geography | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Nature and Scope of Economic Geography, Economic Systems, Primary Activities: Agriculture, Mining, Fishing, Forestry, Secondary Activities: Industrial Location Theories (Weber), Major Industries (Iron & Steel, Cotton), Tertiary Activities: Transport, Trade, Services, Economic Regions and Global Economic Blocs |
| GEOG-DSC502T | Population and Settlement Geography | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Population: Distribution, Growth, Density, Composition, Theories of Population Growth (Malthus, Demographic Transition), Migration: Types, Causes, Consequences, Rural Settlements: Types, Patterns, Morphology, Functions, Urban Settlements: Origin, Classification, Urbanization, Problems of Urbanization |
| GEOG-DSC501P | Geography Practical V (Advanced Cartography & Statistical Analysis) | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Practical) | 2 | Advanced Map Projections: Polyconic, Gnomonic, Stereographic, Distribution Maps: Isarithmic, Chorochromatic, Statistical Analysis: Regression, Correlation, Chi-square Test, Time Series Analysis and Spatial Autocorrelation |
| GEOG-OE501T | Geography of Water Resources | Open Elective (Theory) | 4 | Hydrological Cycle and Water Budget, Surface and Groundwater Resources: Distribution, Utilization, Water Scarcity and Water Quality Issues, Water Management Strategies: Watershed Management, Rainwater Harvesting, Irrigation Systems and Multi-purpose Projects in India |
| VOC-DAMR501T | Data Analysis and Mapping with R Software | Vocational Course (Theory & Practical) | 4 | Introduction to R Programming and RStudio Interface, Data Structures in R, Data Import and Export, Statistical Graphics: Histograms, Box Plots, Scatter Plots, Spatial Data Analysis in R: Geospatial Libraries, Mapping, Creating Thematic Maps and Data Visualization |
| GEOG-PROJ501 | Project Report / Dissertation | Project | 4 | Research Problem Identification and Formulation, Review of Literature and Research Design, Data Collection Methods: Primary and Secondary Sources, Data Analysis, Interpretation, and Report Writing, Presentation of Research Findings |
Semester 6
| Subject Code | Subject Name | Subject Type | Credits | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GEOG-DSC601T | Regional Geography of World | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Concept of Region and Regionalization, Physiography, Climate, Resources of Selected Continents/Regions, Population, Economy, Culture of Major World Regions, Geopolitical Significance of Global Regions, Comparative Study of Development Levels |
| GEOG-DSC602T | Environment and Disaster Management | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Theory) | 4 | Components of Environment, Ecosystems, Food Chains, Environmental Degradation: Deforestation, Desertification, Soil Erosion, Environmental Pollution: Air, Water, Noise, Solid Waste Management, Global Environmental Issues: Climate Change, Ozone Depletion, Disaster Management Framework: Preparedness, Response, Recovery |
| GEOG-DSC602P | Geography Practical VI (Remote Sensing, GIS Applications & Field Survey) | Major (Discipline Specific Core - Practical) | 2 | Digital Image Processing: Enhancement, Classification, GIS Applications in Resource Management and Urban Planning, Field Survey Techniques: Transect Walk, Socio-Economic Survey, Report Writing based on Field Work and Data Analysis |
| GEOG-OE601T | Cultural Geography | Open Elective (Theory) | 4 | Concept of Culture and Cultural Regions, Cultural Diffusion and Innovation, Geography of Religion, Language, Race and Ethnicity, Cultural Landscapes and Heritage, Impact of Globalization on Local Cultures |
| VOC-TGMP601T | Tourism Geography of Madhya Pradesh | Vocational Course (Theory & Practical) | 4 | Tourism Potential and Development in Madhya Pradesh, Major Tourist Destinations: Historical, Religious, Natural, Wildlife, Tourist Circuits and Infrastructure in MP, Role of MP Tourism Board, Eco-tourism Initiatives, Socio-Economic Impacts of Tourism in the State |
| GEOG-INT601 | Internship / Field Study | Internship/Field Work | 4 | Application of Geographical Concepts in Real-World Settings, Practical Data Collection and Analysis through Fieldwork, Internship in Government/Non-Government Organizations, Report Writing based on Internship/Field Study, Presentation of Field Findings |
